TABLE 1.
The demographic, radiological and laboratorial characteristics of the patients in training cohort and validation cohort.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 204) | Training cohort (n = 147) | Validation cohort (n = 57) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.5 ± 11.6 | 57.2 ± 12.5 | 54.7 ± 8.7 | 0.163 |
| Gender (%) | 0.656 | |||
| Male | 183 (89.7%) | 131 (89.1%) | 52 (91.2%) | |
| Female | 21 (10.3%) | 16 (10.9%) | 5 (8.8%) | |
| Child-pugh class (%) | 0.091 | |||
| A | 181 (88.7%) | 127 (86.4%) | 54 (94.7%) | |
| B | 23 (11.3%) | 20 (13.6%) | 3 (5.3%) | |
| BCLC stage (%) | 0.840 | |||
| 0-A | 123 (60.3%) | 88 (59.9%) | 35 (61.4%) | |
| B | 81 (39.7%) | 59 (40.1%) | 22 (38.6%) | |
| NLR | 2.95 (IQR, 3.72) | 2.39 (IQR, 1.73) | 6.14 (IQR, 4.18) | <0.001 |
| Underlying liver disease (%) | 0.035 | |||
| HBV | 172 (84.3%) | 119 (81.0%) | 53 (92.9%) | |
| Other | 10 (4.9%) | 7 (4.8%) | 3 (5.3%) | |
| None | 22 (10.8%) | 21 (14.2%) | 1 (1.8%) | |
| Initial AFP (%) | 0.037 | |||
| ≤400 ug/L | 127 (62.3%) | 98 (66.7%) | 29 (50.9%) | |
| >400 ug/L | 77 (37.7%) | 49 (33.3%) | 28 (49.1%) | |
| History of resection (%) | 0.127 | |||
| Presence | 26 (12.7%) | 22 (15.0%) | 4 (7.0%) | |
| Absence | 178 (87.3%) | 125 (85.0%) | 53 (93.0%) | |
| Tumor distribution (%) | 0.539 | |||
| Unilobar | 132 (64.7%) | 97 (66.0%) | 35 (61.4%) | |
| Bilobar | 72 (35.3%) | 50 (34.0%) | 22 (38.6%) | |
| Number of tumors (%) | 0.601 | |||
| Solitary | 123 (60.3%) | 88 (59.9%) | 35 (61.4%) | |
| 2–3 | 48 (23.5%) | 33 (22.4%) | 15 (26.3%) | |
| >3 | 33 (16.2%) | 26 (17.7%) | 7 (12.3%) | |
| Size of the largest tumor (%) | 0.001 | |||
| ≤50 mm | 83 (40.7%) | 67 (45.6%) | 16 (28.1%) | |
| 50–100 mm | 75 (36.8%) | 57 (38.8%) | 18 (31.6%) | |
| >100 mm | 46 (22.5%) | 23 (15.6%) | 23 (40.3%) | |
| Up-to-seven criteria (%) | 0.006 | |||
| Within | 81 (39.7%) | 67 (45.6%) | 14 (24.6%) | |
| Beyond | 123 (60.3%) | 80 (54.4%) | 43 (75.4%) | |
| Initial embolic agents (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Lipiodol | 102 (50.0%) | 60 (40.8%) | 42 (73.7%) | |
| DEB | 102 (50.0%) | 87 (59.2%) | 15 (26.3%) |
Note: HBV, hepatitis B virus; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; NLR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; IQR, inter-quartile range; DEB drug-eluting beads.