Table 1.

WHO Blueprint Diseases and their principal mammalian reservoirs.

WHO Blueprint Disease (20)	Mammalian reservoir(s)
COVID-19 (recently added)	Fruit bats (speculative) (21), pangolin (speculative) (22)
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF)	Cattle (23), goats (24), sheep (23), camels (25), horses (26), donkeys (27)
Ebola virus disease	Fruit bats (28)
Marburg virus disease	Fruit bats (29)
Lassa fever	Multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis) ( 30)
MERS coronavirus disease	Bats, alpacas, camels (31)
SARS coronavirus disease	Horseshoe bats, palm civets (32)
Nipah virus disease	Flying foxes (33), pigs (33)
Rift Valley Fever	Sheep, goats, cattle (34)
Zika	Rhesus monkeys, sheep, goats, cows, horses, bats, carabaos, orangutans (35)
Disease X (future disease outbreak of unknown origin)	Unknown