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. 2021 Mar 18;9:661279. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.661279

Table 5.

Estimated coefficients of the control variables.

Region Coefficient Estimated value OLS se tOLS White se tWhite
BRICS α^1 0.0288 0.0152 1.8947* 0.0138 2.0869**
α^2 −0.0028 0.0015 −1.8666* 0.0017 −1.6470*
α^3 −0.0240 0.0203 −1.1822 0.0121 −1.9834*
ASEAN α^1 0.0428 0.0260 1.6461* 0.0213 2.0093**
α^2 −0.0106 0.0038 −2.7894*** 0.0082 −1.2926
α^3 −0.0125 0.0054 −2.3148*** 0.0079 −1.5822*

OLS se (White se) refers to homogeneous (heterogeneous) standard deviations. The estimated coefficients of α^1 is for consumer price index, α^2 is for disposable income per capita, α^3 is for services percent of GDP. ***, **, and *, respectively, indicate significance at the 1, 5, and 10% level.