Table 1.

Ozone injection therapy in temporomandibular disorders

Final findings	Sample size	Study method	Title	Year	Author
Injecting intra-articular ozone gas is a promising treatment method for managing the internal contraction of the temporomandibular joint. However, more clinical and experimental studies are needed to provide direct evidence for mechanism of its performance and to prove the results	60 patients	Clinical trials	Role of intra-articular ozone gas injection in the management of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint	2012	Daif[22]
29% of patients in the ozone therapy group and 24% of patients in the drug group experienced a gradual decrease in pain which the difference between the two groups was significant	63 patients	Clinical trials	Effects of high-frequency bio-oxidative ozone therapy in temporomandibular disorder-related pain	2014	Doğan et al.[18]
Patients of the ozone therapy group showed a significant decrease in the pain score compared to the control group	57 patients	Clinical trials	Ozone therapy as an alternative treatment to the pain in the temporomandibular disorder	2016	Reyes and Alghannam[21]
Clinical efficacy of arthrocentesis with ozone in the temporomandibular joint internal derangements. Efficacy of ozonized water as a clinically applicable form of ozone in ozone therapy for the temporomandibular joint	30 patients	Clinical trial	Use of Ozone in Temporomandibular Joint Arthrocentesis, Clinical Study	2013	Hammuda et al.[23]
Movements of mandible had a significant difference for the time factor in both ozone therapy and occlusal splint groups. Muscle pain and pressure threshold was significantly higher in the occlusal splint group. Both treatments statistically reduced Visual Analog Scale scores. However, statistically, there was no significant difference between the groups	40 patients	Clinical trials	Management of pain in TMD patients: Bio-oxidative ozone therapy versus occlusal splints	2019	Celakil et al.[19]
The use of high-frequency ozone therapy can be a good alternative for managing pain and jaw movements in patients with temporomandibular disorder	40 patients	Interventional	Evaluation of the Short-Term Efficacy of Transdermal Ozone Therapy in Turkish Patients with Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint	2019	Özalp et al.[20]