TABLE 5.
Published studies reporting major bleeding in COVID‐19 patients
| Author | N | dose of anticoagulation | Follow‐up period (median) | Major bleeding rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mattioli et al 27 | 105 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients |
33.4% prophylactic LMWH 62.8% intermediate LMWH |
36 (IQR 24, 43) d | 1.2% |
| Shah et al 24 | 187 COVID‐19 critically ill patients |
80.7% prophylactic LMWH 16.6% therapeutic LMWH |
Not reported Median length of stay from 12 (non‐thrombotic patients) to 17 d (thrombotic patients) |
4.8% |
| Fernández‐Capitán et al 17 | 420 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients with VTE |
88% therapeutic LMWH 6.4% unfractionated heparin 6.2% other (therapeutic dose) |
10 d | 2.9% |
| Musoke et al 25 | 355 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients |
15.4% No anticoagulation 50% prophylactic LMWH 5.6% sub‐therapeutic LMWH 29% therapeutic LMWH |
Not reported |
2% 4% 5% 11% |
| Helms et al 28 | 150 critically ill COVID‐19 patients |
70% prophylactic LMWH 30% therapeutic LMWH |
length of stay 9.6 ± 4.2 d |
2.7% |
| Al‐Samkari et al 10 | 400 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients |
Non‐critically ill: −3.5% No anticoagulation −89.8% prophylactic LMWH: −6.6% Intermediate or full‐dose anticoagulation Critically ill: −1.4% No anticoagulation: −86.1% prophylactic LMWH: −12.5% Intermediate or full‐dose anticoagulation |
Not reported Mean length of stay from 6 (non‐critically ill) to 9 d (critically ill) |
2.3% 4.8% |
| Pesavento et al 26 | 324 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients |
74% prophylactic doses 25.9% sub‐therapeutic doses |
30 d |
3.3% 9.5% |
| The present study | 100 COVID‐19 patients with VTE |
During acute phase LMWH 91% Unfractionated heparin 14% DOAC 9% Long‐term treatment DOAC 52% LMWH 28% VKA 5% |
97 (IQR 89, 111) d | 11% |
Abbreviations: LMWH: low molecular weight heparin; IQR: interquartile range; VTE: venous thromboembolism.