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. 2021 Mar 7;103(5):1595–1611. doi: 10.1111/ajae.12212

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© 2021 Agricultural & Applied Economics Association. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.

This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

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Fiscal response by country, share of GDP used for fiscal stimulus Note: This figure illustrates fiscal stimulus across regions in 2020 in response to COVID‐19. The values are used as exogenous shocks in the CGE model to simulate region‐specific government spending in 2020. Source: IMF (2020)