Skip to main content
. 2021 Mar 15;45(2):342–364. doi: 10.1111/twec.13119

TABLE 2.

Trade coverage of measures tracked by GTA database (US$ bn)

Panel a: Annualised totals of 2019 world trade
Export restraints Import reforms
Medical 134.6 165.2
Food 39.4 42.2
Panel b: Medical goods only
Trade‐restrictive measures Worldwide export coverage
All included instruments 134.6
Of which
Export ban 101.8
Export licensing requirement 66.2
Export quota 1.4
Trade liberalising measures
All included instruments 165.2
Of which
Import ban 0
Import licensing requirement 6.3
Import quota 0
Import‐related non‐tariff measure, nes 7.5
Import tariff 145.7
Import tariff quota 12.5
Internal taxation of imports 88.6