. 2021 Mar 31;4(3):e213789. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3789

Table 3. Health Workforce Diversity Index for the 2019 Health Care Workforce and Educational Pipeline.

Occupation	White			Black			Hispanic			Native American
Occupation	Workforce^a	Pipeline^b	Change^c	Workforce^a	Pipeline^b	Change^c	Workforce^a	Pipeline^b	Change^c	Workforce^a	Pipeline^b	Change^c
Advanced practice registered nurse	1.31	1.17	−0.14	0.61	1.03	0.42	0.30	0.53	0.23	0.56	0.70	0.14
Dentist	1.13	1.04	−0.10	0.36	0.36	0.00	0.31	0.46	0.15	0.09	0.40	0.30
Pharmacist	1.08	0.98	−0.10	0.62	0.70	0.07	0.20	0.31	0.10	0.31	0.53	0.21
Physician	1.03	1.09	0.06	0.43	0.43	0.00	0.38	0.40	0.02	0.19	0.51	0.32
Physician assistant	1.26	1.42	0.16	0.37	0.23	−0.14	0.40	0.37	−0.03	0.94	0.48	−0.47
Occupational therapist	1.33	1.44	0.10	0.50	0.31	−0.20	0.29	0.36	0.07	0.30	0.24	−0.06
Physical therapist	1.27	1.40	0.13	0.28	0.23	−0.04	0.18	0.33	0.15	0.04	0.36	0.32
Respiratory therapist	1.10	1.00	−0.10	0.94	0.97	0.03	0.60	0.89	0.30	1.64	1.05	−0.59
Speech-language pathologist	1.39	1.45	0.06	0.39	0.28	−0.11	0.35	0.50	0.14	0.96	0.54	−0.42
Registered nurse	1.14	1.20	0.06	0.94	0.82	−0.11	0.43	0.64	0.21	0.65	0.81	0.17

^{^a}

For each occupation, the diversity index for the workforce is the percentage of practitioners in a given racial/ethnic group (using 2019 American Community Survey data) ÷ that group’s representation in the general workforce population aged 20 to 65 years (eg, the percentage of Black advanced practice registered nurses ÷ the percentage of Black individuals in the general workforce).

^{^b}

For each occupation category, the diversity index for the educational pipeline is the percentage of recent graduates in a given racial/ethnic group (using 2019 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System data) ÷ that group’s representation in the general population aged 20 to 35 years (eg, the percentage of Asian physician assistant graduates ÷ the percentage of Asian individuals in the population aged 20 to 35 years).

^{^c}

The change indicates the increase or decrease in the diversity index for the pipeline (compared with the workforce) for each occupation.