Table 1.
Factors associated with COVID‐19 vaccine acceptance among respondent medical students
| Factors | Overall respondents (n = 2133) | COVID‐19 vaccine acceptance group (n = 746)a | COVID‐19 vaccine hesitant group (n = 974) | COVID‐19 vaccine refusal group (n = 413)b | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 20.24 | ± 1.78 | 20.24 | ± 1.853 | 20.26 | ± 1.77 | 20.20 | ± 1.67 | .232 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Men | 742 | 34.8 | 276 | 37.2 | 331 | 44.6 | 135 | 18.2 | .263 |
| Women | 1391 | 65.2 | 470 | 33.8 | 643 | 46.2 | 278 | 20.0 | |
| College | |||||||||
| Medicine | 727 | 34.1 | 261 | 35.9 | 340 | 46.8 | 126 | 17.3 | .725 |
| Physical medicine | 732 | 34.3 | 245 | 33.5 | 330 | 45.1 | 157 | 21.4 | |
| Dentistry | 256 | 12.0 | 71 | 27.7 | 137 | 53.5 | 48 | 18.8 | |
| Nursing | 274 | 12.8 | 130 | 47.4 | 98 | 35.8 | 46 | 16.8 | |
| Pharmacy | 144 | 6.8 | 39 | 27.1 | 69 | 47.9 | 36 | 25.0 | |
| Academic year | |||||||||
| Freshman | 496 | 23.3 | 165 | 33.3 | 235 | 47.4 | 96 | 19.4 | .011c |
| Sophomore | 676 | 31.7 | 266 | 39.3 | 283 | 41.9 | 127 | 18.8 | |
| Junior | 277 | 13.0 | 76 | 27.4 | 140 | 50.5 | 61 | 22.0 | |
| Senior | 603 | 28.3 | 201 | 33.3 | 284 | 47.1 | 118 | 19.6 | |
| Graduate | 81 | 3.8 | 38 | 46.9 | 32 | 39.5 | 11 | 13.6 | |
| Family income | |||||||||
| Not enough | 195 | 9.1 | 68 | 34.9 | 85 | 43.6 | 42 | 21.5 | .762 |
| Enough but no saving | 1223 | 57.3 | 437 | 35.7 | 559 | 45.7 | 227 | 18.6 | |
| Enough and saving | 715 | 33.5 | 241 | 33.7 | 330 | 46.2 | 144 | 20.1 | |
| Socioeconomic status | |||||||||
| Low | 69 | 3.2 | 27 | 39.1 | 132 | 43.9 | 14 | 20.3 | .093 |
| Average | 1654 | 77.5 | 585 | 35.4 | 28 | 40.6 | 299 | 18.1 | |
| High | 109 | 5.1 | 41 | 37.6 | 770 | 46.6 | 24 | 22.0 | |
| Prefer Not to disclose | 301 | 14.1 | 93 | 30.9 | 44 | 40.4 | 76 | 25.2 | |
| Self‐perception of own health status | |||||||||
| Very bad | 18 | 0.8 | 6 | 33.3 | 3 | 16.7 | 9 | 50.0 | .001b |
| Bad | 78 | 3.7 | 15 | 19.2 | 42 | 53.8 | 21 | 26.9 | |
| Average | 536 | 25.1 | 123 | 22.9 | 242 | 45.1 | 171 | 31.9 | |
| Good | 1129 | 52.9 | 210 | 18.6 | 535 | 47.4 | 384 | 34.0 | |
| Very good | 372 | 17.4 | 6 | 33.3 | 152 | 40.9 | 161 | 43.3 | |
| Risk perception percentage of getting COVID‐19 infection | |||||||||
| 0% ‐ | 70 | 3.3 | 20 | 28.6 | 26 | 37.1 | 24 | 34.3 | .095 |
| 20% ‐ | 135 | 6.3 | 40 | 29.6 | 65 | 48.1 | 30 | 22.2 | |
| 40% ‐ | 545 | 25.6 | 200 | 36.7 | 241 | 44.2 | 104 | 19.1 | |
| 60% ‐ | 558 | 26.2 | 193 | 34.6 | 260 | 46.6 | 105 | 18.8 | |
| ˃ 80% | 825 | 38.7 | 293 | 35.5 | 382 | 46.3 | 150 | 18.2 | |
| Previous infection with COVID‐19 | |||||||||
| I do not know | 470 | 22.0 | 155 | 33.0 | 225 | 47.9 | 90 | 19.1 | .259 |
| Yes & confirmed | 94 | 4.4 | 29 | 30.9 | 46 | 48.9 | 19 | 20.2 | |
| Yes, but not confirmed | 367 | 17.2 | 118 | 32.2 | 164 | 44.7 | 85 | 23.2 | |
| Not infected | 1202 | 56.4 | 444 | 36.9 | 539 | 44.8 | 219 | 18.2 | |
| COVID‐19 infection in close social network | |||||||||
| Do not know | 208 | 9.8 | 53 | 25.5 | 103 | 49.5 | 52 | 25.0 | .001b |
| Yes & confirmed | 1099 | 51.5 | 389 | 35.4 | 507 | 46.1 | 203 | 18.5 | |
| Yes, but not confirmed | 364 | 17.1 | 114 | 31.3 | 184 | 50.5 | 66 | 18.1 | |
| Not infected | 462 | 21.7 | 190 | 41.1 | 180 | 39.0 | 92 | 19.9 | |
| Seasonal influenza vaccination | |||||||||
| Never | 1914 | 89.7 | 647 | 33.8 | 890 | 46.5 | 377 | 19.7 | .078 |
| Last year | 112 | 5.3 | 50 | 44.6 | 44 | 39.3 | 18 | 16.1 | |
| Current flu season (2020–2021) | 51 | 2.4 | 23 | 45.1 | 19 | 37.3 | 9 | 17.6 | |
| Annually | 56 | 2.6 | 26 | 46.4 | 21 | 37.5 | 9 | 16.1 | |
| Adequacy of the available safety data for the new vaccine | |||||||||
| No | 1947 | 91.3 | 617 | 31.7 | 926 | 47.6 | 404 | 20.7 | .0001b |
| Yes | 186 | 8.7 | 129 | 69.4 | 48 | 25.8 | 9 | 4.8 | |
a
Vaccine acceptance = definitely accept + accept with some hesitancy.
b
Vaccine refusal = definitely refuse + refuse with some hesitancy.
c
Significant.