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. 2021 Mar 25;254(4):307–331. doi: 10.1002/path.5642

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© 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Phenotype of the inflammatory response observed in COVID‐19‐associated brain pathology. Detailed micrographs from the tegmental area of the medulla oblongata in a patient (male, 63 years) who died 2.5 weeks after admission to the ICU. Immunohistochemical staining for (A) CD3 (T‐cells), (B) CD45 (leukocytes including microglia), (C) CD163 (scavenger receptor, activated microglia), and (D) HLA‐DR (MHC class II, activated microglia). The T‐cell infiltrate (A) co‐localises with activated microglia (C and D). Scale bar = 100 μm.