TABLE 1.

Genes overexpressed in SARS‐coV‐2 lungs and thalidomide's effects on gene expression

Gene	SARS‐coV2‐lung	Thalidomide or lenalidomide treatment
AKT1, AKT2	Upregulation	Signalling—Down 36 , 37
ANGPTL4	Upregulation	Down 38
CDC42	Upregulation	Down 39
COL1A1*	Upregulation	Down 15
COL1A2*	Upregulation	Down 40
MMP2	Upregulation	Down 41
THBS2*	Upregulation	Down (present study)
VEGFA	Upregulation	Down 42 , 43
VEGFC	Upregulation	Down 42 , 43
FGF2*	Upregulation	Down 7 , 43
FLT1	Upregulation	Down 44
FN1	Upregulation	Down 45
HIF1A	Upregulation	Down 46
IGF1	Upregulation	Down 7
MMP14	Upregulation	Down 41
RBPJ	Upregulation	Down 47
TIMP1	Upregulation	Down 36 , 37
VCAM1	Upregulation	Down 38
IFN‐γ	Upregulation	Down 39
IL‐6	Upregulation	Down 15
HGF	Upregulation	Down 39
IL‐10	Upregulation	Down 41
IL‐1β	Upregulation	Down 48
CTNNB1*	Upregulation	Down 41 , 43
MCP1*	Upregulation	Down 41 , 43
NF‐κB*	Upregulation	Down 7 , 41
TNF‐α	Upregulation	Down 49 , 50 , 51 , 52
GREM1*	Upregulation	Down (present study)
STAT1*	Upregulation	Down 45
NOS3	Upregulation	Down 53 , 54
CASP8	Upregulation	Down 40
MAP 2 K1	Upregulation	Down 46
PTEN	Upregulation	Up 36
IL‐2	Upregulation	Up 55
BMP7	Upregulation	Up 36
MIP‐ α	Upregulation	Up/down 48 , 52
SPARC	Upregulation	Up 56
NRPI	Upregulation	Up 57

^*Downregulation of genes/pathways observed in the present study as well.