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. 2021 Mar 30;93(7):4303–4318. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26918

Table 4.

Comparison of patient outcomes for enoxaparin and other LMWH cohorts

Outcome variable Other LMWH cohort (matched) (n = 851) Enoxaparin cohort (matched) (n = 851) BH‐adjusted p value Relative risk (95% CI), other LMWH versus enoxaparin
Number of patients with reported outcomes
  • –
    Mortality status at hospital discharge (alive or deceased)
 778 779
  • –
    Mortality status at 28 days (alive or deceased)
 496 589
  • –
    ICU admission
 779 781
  • –
    Hospital length of stay
 411 404
  • –
    ICU length of stay
 256 240
  • –
    Complications during hospitalization
 804 810
Mortality at hospital discharge 263/778 (34%) 170/779 (22%) 2.0e–06 1.55 (1.31, 1.83)
Mortality at 28 days 8/496 (1.6%) 16/589 (2.7%) .42 0.59 (0.27, 1.39)
ICU admission during hospitalization 525/779 (67%) 502/781 (64%) .34 1.05 (0.98, 1.13)
Hospital length of stay (days) 13.9 (9.94) 13 (10.6) .06
ICU length of stay (days) 9.42 (8.49) 10.5 (9.03) .42
Complications during hospitalization
  • –
    Acute cardiac injury
 52 (6.5%) 25 (3.1%) 7.9e−03 2.10 (1.31, 3.30)
  • –
    Acute kidney injury
 163 (20%) 204 (25%) .06 0.80 (0.67, 0.97)
  • –
    ARDS
 262 (33%) 235 (29%) .24 1.12 (0.97, 1.30)
  • –
    Anemia
 74 (9.2%) 93 (11%) .26 0.80 (0.60, 1.07)
  • –
    Bacteremia
 31 (3.9%) 46 (5.7%) .22 0.68 (0.44, 1.06)
  • –
    Bacterial pneumonia
 68 (8.5%) 124 (15%) 2.2e−04 0.55 (0.42, 0.73)
  • –
    Cardiac arrest
 79 (9.8%) 75 (9.3%) .84 1.06 (0.79, 1.43)
  • –
    Cardiac arrhythmia
 35 (4.4%) 53 (6.5%) .17 0.67 (0.44, 1.01)
  • –
    Co‐ or secondary infection
 47 (5.8%) 55 (6.8%) .61 0.86 (0.59, 1.25)
  • –
    Congestive heart failure
 13 (1.6%) 19 (2.3%) .5 0.69 (0.35, 1.39)
  • –
    Deep vein thrombosis
 17 (2.1%) 22 (2.7%) .62 0.78 (0.42, 1.45)
  • –
    Hyperglycemia
 73 (9.1%) 121 (15%) 1.7e−03 0.61 (0.46, 0.80)
  • –
    Liver dysfunction
 42 (5.2%) 82 (10%) 1.7e−03 0.52 (0.36, 0.74)
  • –
    Pleural effusions
 22 (2.7%) 24 (3%) .9 0.92 (0.53, 1.63)
  • –
    Septic shock
 108 (13%) 133 (16%) .22 0.82 (0.65, 1.03)
  • –
    Stroke/cerebrovascular incident
 12 (1.5%) 14 (1.7%) .9 0.86 (0.41, 1.84)
  • –
    Viral pneumonitis
 50 (6.2%) 148 (18%) 6.2e−12 0.34 (0.25, 0.46)

Note: Summary of clinical outcomes for matched cohorts of hospitalized COVID‐19 patients who have taken either enoxaparin or other LMWH. For categorical variables, such as mortality status and complications, patient counts are shown with the percentage of each cohort in parentheses. Only patients with reported outcomes in each cohort are used to determine the percentages. For numeric variables, such as hospital and ICU length of stay, the mean value for each cohort is shown with standard deviation in parentheses. In addition, Benjamini–Hochberg adjusted p values are shown for the statistical tests comparing the outcome variables for the matched enoxaparin and Heparin cohorts.

Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CI, confidence interval; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; ICU, intensive care unit; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin.