Table 1.
General characteristics of the study population
| Total (n = 111) | Mild/moderate disease (n = 31) | Severe disease (n = 47) | Critical disease (n = 33) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex, n (%) | 59 (53) | 11 (35) | 27 (56) | 21 (64) | .064 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | (n = 98) | (n = 29) | (n = 42) | (n = 27) | |
| Hypertension | 35 (36) | 4 (14) | 18 (43) | 13 (48) | .012 |
| Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 13 (13) | 3 (10) | 5 (12) | 5 (18) | .628 |
| Kidney impairment (CrCl < 30 ml/min) | 6 (6) | 1 (3) | 5 (12) | 0 | .102 |
| Diabetes | 13 (13) | 1 (3) | 10 (24) | 2 (7) | .026 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 19 (19) | 5 (17) | 10 (24) | 4 (15) | .615 |
| Signs and Symptoms at onset, n (%) | (n = 98) | (n = 29) | (n = 42) | (n = 27) | |
| Fever | 81 (83) | 21 (72) | 33 (79) | 27 (100) | .016 |
| Dyspnea | 40 (41) | 2 (7) | 21 (50) | 17 (63) | <.001 |
| Cough | 47 (48) | 18 (62) | 19 (45) | 10 (37) | .155 |
| Laboratory findings at onset, median (q1–q3) | |||||
| Total leucocytes (×103cell/µl) | 5980 (4270–7860) | 4920 (3470–7340) | 6120 (4440–7775) | 6115 (4720–8335) | .281 |
| Total lymphocytes (×103cell/µl) | 939 (690–1321) | 1083 (746–1356) | 1025 (731–1423) | 774 (547–1017) | .010 |
| Total platelets (×103cell/µl) | 190 (151–242) | 191 (159–229) | 178 (152–240) | 197 (143–254) | .977 |
| Platelet to lymphocytes ratio | 0.210 (0.135–0.305) | 0.166 (0.116–0.345) | 0.189 (0.119–0.287) | 0.239 (0.194–0.303) | .054 |
| Total T CD4+ count (cell/µl) | 543 (310–804) | 768 (525–993) | 638 (335–786) | 395 (266–586) | .002 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 1.9 (1.21–2.81) | 1.87 (1.15–2.17) | 1.9 (1.21–3.06) | 1.94 (1.3–2.8) | .489 |
| Treatments administered, n (%) | (n = 98) | (n = 29) | (n = 42) | (n = 27) | |
| Use of corticosteroid therapy | 11 (11) | 1 (3) | 2 (5) | 8 (30) | .002 |
| Use of tocilizumab (8 mg/Kg) | 5 (5) | 0 | 0 | 5 (18) | .001 |
| O2 therapy (>10 L/min) | 36 (37) | 0 | 9 (21) | 27 (100) | <.001 |
| Need of noninvasive (NIV) or invasive ventilation (IV) | 21 (21) | 0 | 2 (5) | 19 (70)a | <.001 |
| Survived, n (%) | 103 (93) | 29 (94) | 46 (96) | 28 (87) | .362 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CrCL, creatinine clearance; q1–q3, first‐third quartile.
a
Three cases of invasive mechanical ventilation.