Table 3.
Association of factors with lifestyle change with change in glycated hemoglobin and bodyweight
| HbA1c | <65 years | ≥65 years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lifestyle alteration | B | OR | 95% CI | B | OR | 95% CI |
| 1) Eating out (times/week) | 0.351* | 1.420 | 1.046, 1.928 | −0.140 | 0.870 | 0.603, 1.256 |
| 2) Having takeaway meals (times/week) | 0.034 | 1.034 | 0.789, 1.356 | −0.230 | 0.795 | 0.564, 1.120 |
| 3) Having snacks (times/week) | 0.536* | 1.709 | 1.155, 2.528 | 0.039 | 1.039 | 0.732, 1.476 |
| 4) Drinking alcohol (g of ethanol/week) | 0.001 | 1.001 | 0.997, 1.005 | 0.005 | 1.005 | 0.996, 1.014 |
| 5) Going for a walk (×1,000 steps/day) | −0.024 | 0.976 | 0.850, 1.122 | −0.130 | 0.878 | 0.708, 1.089 |
| 6) Going out routinely (times/week) | −0.230 | 0.795 | 0.631, 1.002 | 0.009 | 1.009 | 0.750, 1.357 |
| 7) Exercising (times/week) | −0.047 | 0.954 | 0.805, 1.130 | −0.065 | 0.937 | 0.818, 1.073 |
| 10) Sleeping time (h/day) | −0.568* | 0.567 | 0.323, 0.994 | 1.092* | 2.981 | 1.481, 5.998 |
| Sex (male) | 0.468 | 1.596 | 0.495, 5.152 | −0.078 | 0.925 | 0.306, 2.792 |
| BW change (kg) | 0.164 | 1.178 | 0.908, 1.528 | 0.546* | 1.726 | 1.215, 2.450 |
| BW | <65 years | ≥65 years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lifestyle | B | OR | 95% CI | B | OR | 95% CI |
| 1) Eating out (times/week) | 0.281* | 1.325 | 1.007, 1.744 | −0.023 | 0.977 | 0.687, 1.390 |
| 2) Having takeaway meals (times/week) | −0.051 | 0.95 | 0.715, 1.263 | 0.076 | 1.079 | 0.743, 1.566 |
| 3) Having snacks (times/week) | 0.411* | 1.508 | 1.048, 2.168 | 0.643* | 1.903 | 1.166, 3.105 |
| 4) Drinking alcohol (g of ethanol/week) | 0.002 | 1.002 | 0.998, 1.006 | −0.002 | 0.998 | 0.991, 1.006 |
| 5) Going for a walk (×1,000 steps/day) | −0.118 | 0.888 | 0.769, 1.026 | −0.320* | 0.726 | 0.568, 0.927 |
| 6) Going out routinely (times/week) | 0.035 | 1.036 | 0.831, 1.292 | 0.526* | 1.693 | 1.089, 2.632 |
| 7) Exercising (times/week) | 0.126 | 1.134 | 0.935, 1.375 | −0.128 | 0.880 | 0.764, 1.014 |
| 10) Sleeping time (h/day) | −0.324 | 0.723 | 0.432, 1.212 | −0.058 | 0.943 | 0.588, 1.150 |
| Sex (male) | −1.077* | 0.341 | 0.121, 0.958 | −0.942 | 0.390 | 0.138, 1.101 |
| Change in HbA1c (%) | −0.078 | 0.925 | 0.494, 1.734 | 0.630 | 1.878 | 0.759, 4.649 |
*P < 0.05. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to investigate whether lifestyle alteration during the declaration of a state of emergency was associated with a change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and bodyweight (BW). This analysis was separately carried out according to age group of <65 years and that of ≥65 years. B, partial regression coefficient; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.