TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who did and did not participate in the AF at home program
| Overall sample (N = 68) | Program participation (n = 57) | Did not participate (n = 11) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years)a | 73.4 ± 10.0 | 74.1 ± 9.2 | 69.5 ± 13.5 | .166 |
| Sex | .383 | |||
| Male | 39 (57.4%) | 34 (59.6%) | 5 (45.5%) | |
| Female | 29 (42.6%) | 23 (40.4%) | 6 (54.5%) | |
| Race/ethnicity | .820 | |||
| White | 66 (97.1%) | 55 (96.5%) | 11 (100%) | |
| African American | 1 (1.5%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Other | 1 (1.5%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Marital status | .828 | |||
| Married | 54 (79.4%) | 45 (78.9%) | 9 (81.8%) | |
| Divorced | 5 (79.4%) | 4 (7.0%) | 1 (9.1%) | |
| Single | 5 (7.4%) | 4 (7.0%) | 1 (9.1%) | |
| Widowed | 4 (5.9%) | 4 (7.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Employment status | .121 | |||
| Employed | 12 (17.6%) | 9 (15.8%) | 3 (27.3%) | |
| Not employed | 43 (63.2%) | 39 (68.4%) | 4 (36.4%) | |
| Unknown | 13 (19.1%) | 9 (15.8%) | 4 (36.4%) | |
| AF history | ||||
| AF Type | .044 | |||
| Paroxysmal | 52 (76.5%) | 41 (71.9%) | 11 (100.0%) | |
| Persistent or permanent | 16 (23.5%) | 16 (28.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Time since AF diagnosis (months) ‡ | 60.7 ± 52.8 | 57.5 ± 47.2 | 78.0 ± 78.3 | .289 |
| Prior procedures | ||||
| Ablation | 29 (42.6%) | 24 (42.1%) | 5 (45.5%) | .837 |
| LAA occlusion | 2 (2.9%) | 2 (3.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | .528 |
| Prior cardioversion | 30 (44.1%) | 26 (45.6%) | 4 (36.4%) | .572 |
| PM/ICD implant | 19 (27.9%) | 17 (29.8%) | 2 (18.2%) | .431 |
| Cardiovascular comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 38 (55.9%) | 32 (56.1%) | 6 (54.5%) | .922 |
| Previous MI | 12 (17.6%) | 12 (21.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | .094 |
| Coronary heart disease | 20 (29.4%) | 20 (35.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | .019 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 39 (57.4%) | 34 (59.6%) | 5 (45.5%) | .383 |
| Heart failure | 17 (25.0%) | 15 (26.3%) | 2 (18.2%) | .568 |
| TIA/CVA | 8 (11.8%) | 8 (14.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | .186 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 5 (7.4%) | 4 (7.0%) | 1 (9.1%) | .809 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 23 (33.8%) | 18 (31.6%) | 5 (45.5%) | .373 |
| Thyroid disease | 14 (20.9%) | 11 (19.6%) | 3 (27.3%) | .569 |
| Chronic lung disease | 15 (22.1%) | 11 (19.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | .211 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 7 (10.3%) | 6 (10.5%) | 1 (9.1%) | .886 |
| Anxiety | 12 (17.9%) | 10 (17.9%) | 2 (18.2%) | .980 |
| Depression | 6 (8.8%) | 6 (10.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | .260 |
| CHA2DS2‐VASc | ||||
| 0 | 2 (2.9%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | .187 |
| 1 | 12 (17.6%) | 9 (15.8%) | 3 (27.3%) | .360 |
| ≥2 | 54 (79.4%) | 47 (82.5%) | 7 (63.6%) | .158 |
| Medications | ||||
| Aspirin | 14 (20.6%) | 13 (22.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | .303 |
| P2Y12 | 3 (4.4%) | 3 (5.3%) | 0 (0%) | .436 |
| Anticoagulation therapy | 52 (76.5%) | 46 (80.7%) | 6 (54.5%) | .061 |
| Warfarin | 5 (7.4%) | 4 (7.0%) | 1 (9.1%) | .809 |
| DOAC | 47 (69.1%) | 42 (73.7%) | 5 (45.5%) | .064 |
| Beta blocker | 47 (69.1%) | 41 (71.9%) | 6 (54.5%) | .447 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 4 (6.0%) | 3 (5.3%) | 1 (9.1%) | .633 |
| Antiarrhythmics | 22 (32.8%) | 18 (31.6%) | 4 (36.4%) | .601 |
| Lifestyle factors | ||||
| BMI‡ | 28.1 ± 6.8 | 27.1 ± 5.7 | 33.1 ± 10.1 | .007 |
| Alcohol consumption | 46 (67.6%) | 37 (64.9%) | 9 (81.8%) | .272 |
| Smoking status | .523 | |||
| Current | 1 (1.5%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Never | 33 (48.5%) | 26 (45.6%) | 7 (63.6%) | |
| Former | 34 (50.0%) | 30 (52.6%) | 4 (36.4%) |
Abbreviations: AF, Atrial fibrillation; MI, myocardial infarction; CAD, coronary artery disease, LAA, left atrial appendage; PM, pacemaker; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; ICD, implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator; TIA; transient ischemic attack; CVA; cerebrovascular accident; BMI, body mass index.
aData are presented as means ± SD.
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