. 2021 Jan 23;41(5):771–786. doi: 10.1111/risa.13679

Table IV.

Survey Measures and Descriptive Data

Concept	Measures	M	SD
Manipulation Check (1–7 scale)	Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with the following statements: In my opinion, the Chinese government should be blamed for the coronavirus pandemic. In my opinion, the Chinese government is responsible for the coronavirus pandemic. In my opinion, the Chinese people should be blamed for the coronavirus pandemic. In my opinion, the Chinese people is responsible for the coronavirus pandemic. Averaged scale	4.28 4.29 3.06 3.29 3.73	1.89 1.86 1.84 1.88 1.57
Information Processing (1–7 scale)	Now, please tell us your experience when reading the article: Systematic Processing I thought about what actions I might take based on what I read. I thought about how the article related to other things I know. I tried to think about the importance of the information. I tried to relate the ideas in the article to my life. I read the article carefully. Averaged scale Heuristic Processing I skimmed through the article. I did not spend much time thinking about what I read. I did not think about how the article related to my life. I did not think about the arguments presented in the article. I focused on only a few key points. Averaged scale	4.76 5.02 5.76 5.02 6.36 5.38 2.08 2.36 3.03 2.69 3.34 2.70	1.51 1.46 1.14 1.43 0.85 0.90 1.44 1.55 1.67 1.54 1.68 1.17
Risk Perception (1–7 scale)	Using the scale below, please tell us your general thoughts about the coronavirus pandemic: How concerned are you about the coronavirus pandemic? How serious of a threat do you believe the coronavirus pandemic is? How serious are the current impacts of the coronavirus pandemic? How likely do you think the coronavirus outbreak will affect you? Averaged scale	4.33 5.00 5.12 3.04 4.37	1.75 1.53 1.44 1.56 1.31
Discrete Negative Emotions (1–10 scale)	Now, we would like to understand how you feel about the coronavirus outbreak. Please use a number from 1–10, where 1 means you have “none of this feeling” and “10 means you have a lot of this feeling.” Sadness Fear Anxiety Anger Disgust Worry Distressed Averaged scale	5.27 4.45 4.40 3.48 3.38 5.06 4.26 4.33	2.91 2.72 2.73 2.65 2.69 2.76 2.69 2.20

Concept

Measures

Manipulation Check

(1–7 scale)

Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with the following statements:

In my opinion, the Chinese government should be blamed for the coronavirus pandemic.

In my opinion, the Chinese government is responsible for the coronavirus pandemic.

In my opinion, the Chinese people should be blamed for the coronavirus pandemic.

In my opinion, the Chinese people is responsible for the coronavirus pandemic.

Averaged scale

4.28

4.29

3.06

3.29

3.73

1.89

1.86

1.84

1.88

1.57

Information Processing

(1–7 scale)

Now, please tell us your experience when reading the article:

Systematic Processing

I thought about what actions I might take based on what I read.

I thought about how the article related to other things I know.

I tried to think about the importance of the information.

I tried to relate the ideas in the article to my life.

I read the article carefully.

Averaged scale

Heuristic Processing

I skimmed through the article.

I did not spend much time thinking about what I read.

I did not think about how the article related to my life.

I did not think about the arguments presented in the article.

I focused on only a few key points.

Averaged scale

4.76

5.02

5.76

5.02

6.36

5.38

2.08

2.36

3.03

2.69

3.34

2.70

1.51

1.46

1.14

1.43

0.85

0.90

1.44

1.55

1.67

1.54

1.68

1.17

Risk Perception

(1–7 scale)

Using the scale below, please tell us your general thoughts about the coronavirus pandemic:

How concerned are you about the coronavirus pandemic?

How serious of a threat do you believe the coronavirus pandemic is?

How serious are the current impacts of the coronavirus pandemic?

How likely do you think the coronavirus outbreak will affect you?

Averaged scale

4.33

5.00

5.12

3.04

4.37

1.75

1.53

1.44

1.56

1.31

Discrete Negative Emotions

(1–10 scale)

Now, we would like to understand how you feel about the coronavirus outbreak. Please use a number from 1–10, where 1 means you have “none of this feeling” and “10 means you have a lot of this feeling.”

Sadness

Fear

Anxiety

Anger

Disgust

Worry

Distressed

Averaged scale

5.27

4.45

4.40

3.48

3.38

5.06

4.26

4.33

2.91

2.72

2.73

2.65

2.69

2.76

2.69

2.20