Table 2. DOX-siRNA Co-delivery Platforms in Anticancer Therapya.
| nanovehicle | cancer type | cell line | target gene | size (nm) | zeta potential (mV) | encapsulation efficiency (EE) (%) | results | ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROS-sensitive NPs | breast cancer | 4T1 cells | PD-L1 | 139.9 | 28.1 | down-regulation of PD-L1, and providing simultaneous chemotherapy and immunotherapy | (173) | |
| polymeric NPs | breast cancer | human breast cancer MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cell lines | P-gp | 74.7 | 13.6 | enhancing intracellular accumulation in cancer cells via down-regulation of P-gp | (174) | |
| polymeric NPs | liver cancer | HepG2 cells | Bcl-2 | 60–90 | less than 25 | 79.4 | induction of apoptosis via down-regulation of Bcl-2 | (175) |
| mesoporous silica NPs | oral cancer | human oral squamous carcinoma DOX-resistant cell line (KBV) | MDR1 | 170.5 | +34.7 | 70% decrease in expression of MDR1, enhanced accumulation of DOX in cancer cells and stimulation of apoptosis | (176) | |
| selenium NPs | liver cancer | HCC (HepG2) and human normal liver cell (Lo2) | Nanog | 12 | cellular uptake via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, down-regulation of Nanog, and inhibition of proliferation and migration | (177) | ||
| micelle | lung cancer | A549 cells | TLR4 | 125.9 | +24.66 | 85.81 (DOX) | releasing drug and siRNA in a pH/redox-sensitive manner, and suppressing tumor growth | (178) |
| polymeric NPs | breast cancer | MCF-7 cells | MDR1 | 65.7 | +13.9 | 67.4 (DOX) | inhibition of drug resistance via down-regulation of P-gp, and enhancing the antitumor activity of DOX | (179) |
| self-assembled polyjuglanin NPs | lung cancer | human lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H69 | Kras | 81.8 | –18.62 | down-regulation of oncogene factor Kras, inhibition of c-Myc and P-gp, and enhanced cytotoxicity of DOX | (180) | |
| gold NPs | ovarian cancer | SK-OV-3 cells | erbB2 | 105 | –48 | targeted delivery, high biodistribution, and great antitumor activity | (181) | |
| mesoporous silica NPs | breast cancer | human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 | Bcl-2 | 125 | –47.4 | targeted delivery and inhibition of cancer proliferation | (182) | |
| gold NPs | cervical cancer | HeLa cells | EGFP | 150 | –35.4 | 82.5 | inhibition of EGFP expression, high intracellular accumulation and suppressing cancer malignancy | (183) |
| polymeric NPs | breast cancer | MCF-7 cells | Bcl-2 | 187 | +22.5 | induction of apoptotic cell death via down-regulation of Bcl-2 | (184) | |
| chitosan NPs | lung cancer | A549 cells | IGF-1R | 176 | +11 | 86 (siRNA)75 (DOX) | suppressing invasion and migration of cancer cells via down-regulation of MMP-9, VEGF, and STAT3 | (185) |
| micelles | breast cancer | 4T1 and WRL-68 cells | MDR | 92–101 | +7 to +10 | 72 (DOX) | inhibition of resistance via down-regulation of MDR | (186) |
| micelles | breast cancer | MCF-7 cells | PLK-1 | 98.74 | +21.62 to +44.5 | suppressing proliferation of cancer cells | (187) | |
| chitosan NPs | breast cancer | MDA-MB361 metastatic breast cancer cell line | IL17RB | 114 | +10.1 | enhancing cytotoxicity of DOX via down-regulation of IL17RB, and inhibition of NF-κB and Bcl-2 | (188) |
a
NP: Nanoparticles.