Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory data summary.
| Pulmonary | |||
| Lungs (n = 99) | Diffuse alveolar damage | 82/99 | 83% |
| Early/acute | 54/82 | 66% | |
| Organizing | 28/82 | 34% | |
| Fibrotic | 0/82 | 0% | |
| Superimposed acute pneumonia | 45/82 | 55% | |
| Septal capillary proliferation | 19/99 | 19% | |
| Pulmonary thromboemboli | 6/99 | 6% | |
| Hematopoietic | |||
| Spleen (n = 86) | Red pulp necrosis | 9/86 | 10% |
| Red pulp congestion | 24/86 | 28% | |
| Red pulp hemorrhage | 8/86 | 9% | |
| Germinal centers absent | 86/86 | 100% | |
| Microthrombi | 3/86 | 3% | |
| Extramedullary megakaryocytes | 2/86 | 2% | |
| Hemophagocytic histiocytes | 11/86 | 13% | |
| Lymph nodes (n = 60) | Necrosis | 3/60 | 5% |
| Vascular congestion | 23/60 | 38% | |
| Vascular transformation of sinuses | 8/60 | 13% | |
| Hemorrhage | 7/60 | 12% | |
| Germinal centers absent | 52/60 | 87% | |
| Microthrombi | 3/60 | 5% | |
| Extramedullary megakaryocytes | 2/60 | 3% | |
| Bone marrow (n = 11) | Hemophagocytosis | 8/11 | 73% |
| Left shift granulopoiesis | 4/11 | 36% | |
| Decreased erythroid precursors | 1/11 | 1% | |
| Decreased megakaryocytes | 1/11 | 1% | |
| CNS | |||
| Brain (n = 58) | Acute–subacute infarcts | 19/58 | 33% |
| Microthrombi | 17/58 | 29% | |
| Pituitary (n = 19) | Pituitary necrosis/infarct | 5% | 1/19 |
| Cardiovascular | |||
| Heart (n = 97) | Cardiac enlargement | 86/97 | 92% |
| Myocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis | 96/97 | 99% | |
| Mild interstitial chronic inflammation | 4/97 | 4% | |
| Subendocardial inflammation | 1/97 | 1% | |
| Epicardial chronic inflammation | 31/97 | 32% | |
| Epicardial hemophagocytosis | 1/97 | 1% | |
| Bacterial endocarditis | 2/97 | 2% | |
| Genitourinary | |||
| Kidney (n = 94) | Hypertensive and diabetic changes | 19/94 | 20% |
| Acute tubular injury | 23/94 | 24% | |
| Calcium phosphate crystals distal tubules | 10/94 | 11% | |
| Thromboemboli | 2/94 | 2% | |
| Bladder (n = 27) | No significant pathology | ||
| Fallopian tubes and ovaries (n = 21) | No significant pathology | ||
| Prostate (n = 16) | No significant pathology | ||
| Uterus (n = 14) | No significant pathology | ||
| Testes, seminal vesicles (n = 6) | No significant pathology | ||
| Gastrointestinal | |||
| GI tract (n = 92) | No significant pathology | ||
| Hepatobiliary | |||
| Liver (n = 92) | Cirrhosis | 12/92 | 13% |
| Fatty liver disease | 28/92 | 30% | |
| Venous outflow obstruction | 41/92 | 45% | |
| Early organizing thrombi | |||
| Portal venules | 37/92 | 40% | |
| Terminal hepatic venules | 20/92 | 22% | |
| Endocrine | |||
| Pancreas (n = 81) | Islet cell depletion and amyloid (diabetic change) | 1/81 | 1% |
| Thyroid (n = 44) | Lymphocytic thyroiditis | 1/44 | 2% |
| Adrenal glands (n = 58) | No significant pathology | ||
The time in days from symptom onset to death was significantly different between early/acute (median = 11 days) and organizing (median = 26 days) DAD cases (p value = 0.0016).