Table 1 –

Subject characteristics, total and stratified by the development of peripheral neuropathy, among older adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus seeking outpatient care at U.S. Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, 2002–2015.

	Total			Developed Peripheral Neuropathy			Did Not Develop Peripheral Neuropathy			P-value
	N = 210,004			N = 40,534			N = 169,470
	Mean	±	SD	Mean	±	SD	Mean	±	SD
Age (years)	66.2	±	8.4	65.8	±	8.1	66.3	±	8.5	<0.0001
BMI (kg/m2)	29.6	±	9.7	31.3	±	8.0	29.2	±	10.0	<0.0001
Duration of metformin treatment (months)	47.0	±	34.0	59.2	±	36.7	44.1	±	32.7	<0.0001
Duration treated at the VAMC (years)	11.4	±	4.0	12.3	±	3.6	11.2	±	4.1	<0.0001
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)	77.1	±	20.8	78.7	±	17.2	76.7	±	21.5	<0.0001
Hemoglobin A1c (%)	5.8	±	2.0	6.0	±	1.7	5.8	±	2.1	<0.0001
Hemoglobin A1c (mmol/mol)	40	±	13	42	±	12	40	±	14	<0.0001
	N	,	%	N	,	%	N	,	%
Race and Ethnicity										<0.0001
Non-Hispanic White	175,646	,	84	34,747	,	86	140,899	,	83
Non-Hispanic Black	29,316	,	14	5,047	,	12	24,269	,	14
Other	5,042	,	2	740	,	2	4,302	,	3
Sex (N, % male)	201,357	,	96	39,248	,	96.8	162,109	,	95.7	<0.0001
Smoker (N, % yes)	165,705	,	78.9	32,906	,	81.2	132,799	,	78.4	<0.0001
Alcohol abuse (N, % yes)	19,665	,	9.4	5,329	,	13.1	14,336	,	8.5	<0.0001
Received vitamin B12 assessment (N, % yes)	123,463	,	58.8	29,641	,	73.1	93,822	,	55.4	<0.0001
Serum vitamin B12 (pg/dL)										<0.0001
<170	3,750	,	3.0	872	,	2.2	2,878	,	1.7
170-<300	25,262	,	20.5	5,970	,	14.7	19,292	,	11.4
≥300	94,451	,	76.5	22,799	,	56.3	71,652	,	42.3
Received vitamin B12 treatment (N, % yes)	58,429	,	27.8	15,943	,	39.3	42,486	,	25.1	<0.0001

BMI: body mass index; VAMC: U.S. Veterans Affairs Medical Centers; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate