Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of cohorts of COVID-19 patients in the study
| Characteristic | ICD code* | Sickle cell disease, n = 312 (1) | Sickle cell trait, n = 449 (2) | Black patients without sickle cell disease or trait, n = 45 517 (3) | P, (1) vs (3) | P, (2) vs (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, y | — | 31.4 ± 16.8 | 37.7 ± 18.5 | 45.0 ± 19.7 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | — | 195 (63) | 366 (82) | 26 963 (59) | .24 | <.001 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
| Asthma | J45 | 76 (24) | 132 (29) | 4993 (11) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Hypertension | I10 | 84 (27) | 176 (39) | 14 340 (32) | .08 | <.001 |
| Overweight/obesity | E66 | 57 (18) | 189 (42) | 9692 (21) | .07 | <.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | E08-E13 | 35 (11) | 95 (21) | 7747 (17) | .0065 | .02 |
| Heart failure | I50 | 28 (9) | 36 (8) | 2881 (6) | .06 | .14 |
| Chronic ischemic heart disease | I25 | 20 (6) | 25 (6) | 2822 (6) | .88 | .58 |
| History of acute failure/chronic kidney disease | N17-N19 | 56 (18) | 53 (12) | 4902 (11) | <.001 | .49 |
| Liver diseases | K70-K77 | 30 (10) | 32 (7) | 2090 (5) | <.001 | .01 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | J44 | 16 (5) | 20 (4) | 1811 (4) | .30 | .60 |
| Cerebral infarction | I63 | 24 (8) | 13 (3) | 1322 (3) | <.001 | .97 |
| Pulmonary embolism | I26 | 16 (5) | 18 (4) | 673 (1) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Other venous embolism and thrombosis | I82 | 35 (11) | 17 (4) | 1149 (3) | <.001 | .09 |
SD, standard deviation.
*
Platform uses ICD-10 codes. These are mapped to ICD-9 codes in the backend of the program.