Table 2. Diagnostic Performance of the Prediction Scales According to Prespecified Cut Points.
| Prediction scalea | Accuracy (95% CI)b | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | Youden’s index (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C-STAT ≥2 | 0.79 (0.77-0.81) | 0.62 (0.54-0.69) | 0.80 (0.78-0.82) | 0.42 (0.34-0.50) | 0.21 (0.18-0.24) | 0.96 (0.95-0.96) |
| PASS ≥2 | 0.81 (0.79-0.83) | 0.55 (0.47-0.64) | 0.83 (0.81-0.85) | 0.39 (0.30-0.48) | 0.21 (0.18-0.25) | 0.95 (0.95-0.96) |
| G-FAST ≥3 | 0.82 (0.81-0.84) | 0.61 (0.53-0.69) | 0.84 (0.82-0.86) | 0.46 (0.37-0.54) | 0.24 (0.21-0.27) | 0.96 (0.95-0.97) |
| FAST-ED ≥4 | 0.83 (0.81-0.85) | 0.60 (0.53-0.69) | 0.85 (0.83-0.87) | 0.46 (0.37-0.54) | 0.25 (0.22-0.29) | 0.96 (0.95-0.97) |
| RACE ≥5 | 0.88 (0.86-0.89) | 0.56 (0.46-0.65) | 0.90 (0.89-0.92) | 0.47 (0.37-0.56) | 0.32 (0.27-0.38) | 0.96 (0.95-0.97) |
| LAMS ≥4 | 0.89 (0.87-0.90) | 0.38 (0.29-0.46) | 0.93 (0.91-0.94) | 0.30 (0.22-0.40) | 0.28 (0.22-0.34) | 0.95 (0.94-0.96) |
Abbreviations: C-STAT, Cincinnati Stroke Triage Assessment Tool; FAST-ED, Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination; GACE, gaze, facial asymmetry, level of consciousness, extinction/inattention; G-FAST, gaze-face-arm-speech-time; LAMS, Los Angeles Motor Scale; NPV, negative predictive value; PASS, Prehospital Acute Stroke Severity; PPV, positive predictive value; RACE, Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation.
a
GACE is not included in this analysis because GACE has no cut point.
b
Accuracy at cut point: ([true positives + true negatives]/total number of patients).