TABLE 2.
Comparison between SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV.
| SARS-CoV-2 | MERS-CoV | SARS-CoV | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Disease | COVID-19 | MERS | SARS |
| Pandemic Year | 2019 | 2012 | 2002 |
| Genetic material | ssRNA | ssRNA | ssRNA |
| Disease transmission | •Respiratory droplets | •Respiratory droplets •Camel milk ingestion |
•Respiratory droplets •Cough and sneeze •Fecal-oral |
| •Cough and sneeze | |||
| •Close contact with a patient | |||
| •Aerosol | |||
| CoVs subfamily | Coronaviridae | Coronaviridae | Coronaviridae |
| Genus | β-coronavirus | β-coronavirus | β-coronavirus |
| Natural reservoir | Bats | Bats | Bats |
| Reproductive number | 3.28 | <1 | 3 |
| Intermediate host | Paradoxurus Hermaphrodites | Camelus dromedaries | Manis javanica |
| Origin | Wuhan, China | Saudi Arabia | Guangdong province, China |
| Host receptors | ACE2 and TMPRSS2 | DPP4 | ACE2 |
| Symptoms | •Myalgia •Rhinorrhoea •Headache •Chest pain •Anosmia |
•Fever •Cough •Dyspnea |
•Fever •Dry cough •Muscle spasm •Headache •Dyspnea •Diarrhea |
| Mortality rate | 4% | 35% | 11% |
| Diagnosis | RT-PCR | PCR | PCR and antibody test |
| Treatment | Antiviral polytherapy | No specific treatment | Antiviral polytherapy |
| Size of the genome | 26–32 kb | 30 kb | 29.7 kb |