TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the survey participants (N = 228), by driving license status
| All participants N = 228 | Participants with a driver's license n = 200 (87.7%) | Participants without a driver's license n = 28 (12.3%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic variables | |||
| Gender* | |||
| Woman | 130 (57.0) | 114 (57.0) | 16 (57.1) |
| Man | 93 (40.8) | 85 (42.5) | 8 (28.6) |
| Other/prefer not to say | 5 (2.2) | 1 (0.5) | 4 (14.3) |
| Age group* | |||
| 18–25 yr | 98 (43.0) | 77 (38.5) | 21 (75.0) |
| 26–35 yr | 59 (25.9) | 56 (28.0) | 3 (10.7) |
| 36–45 yr | 36 (15.8) | 34 (17.0) | 2 (7.1) |
| 46–55 yr | 23 (10.1) | 21 (10.5) | 2 (7.1) |
| 56 yr or older | 12 (5.3) | 12 (6.0) | 0 (0) |
| Country ** | |||
| United States | 66 (28.9) | 62 (31.0) | 4 (14.3) |
| Norway | 42 (18.4) | 40 (20.0) | 2 (7.1) |
| United Kingdom | 40 (17.5) | 32 (16.0) | 8 (28.6) |
| Canada | 13 (5.7) | 8 (4.0) | 5 (17.9) |
| Sweden | 12 (5.3) | 11 (5.5) | 1 (3.6) |
| The Netherlands | 11 (4.8) | 11 (5.5) | 0 (0) |
| Germany | 11 (4.8) | 9 (4.5) | 2 (7.1) |
| Other countries | 33 (14.5) | 27 (13.5) | 6 (21.4) |
| Clinical variables | |||
| Any psychiatric comorbidity | 171 (75.0) | 146 (73.0) | 25 (89.3) |
| Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder | 79 (34.6) | 66 (33.0) | 13 (46.4) |
| Obsessive–compulsive disorder | 87 (38.2) | 73 (36.5) | 14 (50.0) |
| Anxiety disorder | 98 (43.0) | 82 (41.0) | 16 (57.1) |
| Depression | 81 (35.5) | 70 (35.0) | 11 (39.3) |
| Autism spectrum disorder* | 23 (10.1) | 16 (8.0) | 7 (25.0) |
| Other | 13 (5.7) | 11 (5.5) | 2 (7.1) |
| Insomnia | 34 (14.9) | 32 (16.0) | 2 (7.1) |
| ATQ total score, mean (SD)* | 51.9 (31.2) | 49.6 (29.4) | 68.6 (38.1) |
| ATQ motor tics scale, mean (SD)* | 33.6 (17.7) | 32.5 (17.1) | 41.3 (20.8) |
| ATQ vocal tics scale, mean (SD)* | 18.3 (16.5) | 17.1 (15.7) | 27.3 (19.4) |
Figures correspond to frequencies (percentages), unless otherwise specified.
*
Indicates statistically significant differences between participants with and without driver's license in χ2 tests (all categorical variables) and Student's t tests (ATQ variables) at P < 0.05.
**
Only the countries endorsed by more than 10 participants (when all 228 participants are taken into account) are listed. The rest of countries are grouped under “Other.”
ATQ, Adult Tic Questionnaire; SD, standard deviation.