Table 3.

Risk of bias in individual studies

Study	Study participation	Anti-CCP antibody measurement	ILD confirmation	Study confounding	Statistical analysis and reporting
Alunno et al 201838	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	High risk	High risk
England et al 201939	Moderate risk	High risk	High risk	Low risk	High risk
Giles et al 201440	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Chen et al 201341	Low risk	High risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Chen et al 201542	Moderate risk	Low risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Doyle et al 201543	Moderate risk	Moderate risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Abdel-Hamid et al 201944	Moderate risk	Moderate risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Akiyama et al 201645	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk	Moderate risk	Moderate risk
Alexiou et al 200846	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	High risk	High risk
Correia et al 201947	Moderate risk	Low risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Fadda et al 201848	Moderate risk	Low risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Furukawa et al 201249	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Kakutani et al 201950	Low risk	High risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Kelly et al 201451	Moderate risk	High risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Liu et al 201952	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Matsuo et al 201853	Low risk	Moderate risk	High risk	Moderate risk	Moderate risk
Mori et al 201254	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	Moderate risk
Ortancil et al 201155	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Park et al 201656	Low risk	Low risk	Low risk	High risk	High risk
Paulin et al 201957	Moderate risk	High risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Restrepo et al 201558	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	Moderate risk	Moderate risk
Rocha-Munoz et al 201559	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	Moderate risk	Low risk
Sargin et al 201860	Moderate risk	High risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Sulaiman et al 201961	Moderate risk	Low risk	High risk	High risk	High risk
Tian et al 201662	High risk	Low risk	High risk	Moderate risk	High risk
Wang et al 201563	Moderate risk	High risk	Low risk	High risk	High risk
Yang et al 201964	Moderate risk	High risk	Moderate risk	Moderate risk	Moderate risk
Yin et al 201465	Moderate risk	Low risk	Low risk	Moderate risk	Moderate risk
Zhang et al 201866	High risk	High risk	High risk	High risk	High risk

Text in bold indicates high risk of bias.

CCP, cyclic citrullinated peptite; ILD, interstitial lung disease.;