Table 1:
Descriptive statistics of Generation R sample, by child problem behaviors.a
| Total Sample n (%) |
Child Problem Behaviorsb | p-valuec | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | Borderline Clinical |
|||
| n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Total Sample | 4,327 (100.0) | 4,035 (93.3) | 292 (6.8) | -- |
| Child Sociodemographic Factors | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 2,166 (50.1) | 2,053 (94.8) | 113 (5.2) | <0.001 |
| Male | 2,161 (49.9) | 1,982 (91.7) | 179 (8.3) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Dutch | 2,761 (63.9) | 2,629 (95.2) | 132 (4.8) | <0.001 |
| Other European | 343 (7.9) | 326 (95.0) | 17 (5.0) | |
| Caribbean | 386 (8.9) | 342 (88.6) | 44 (11.4) | |
| Middle Eastern | 411 (9.5) | 355 (86.4) | 56 (13.6) | |
| African | 181 (4.2) | 160 (88.4) | 21 (11.6) | |
| Other | 242 (5.6) | 220 (90.9) | 22 (9.1) | |
| Maternal Education | ||||
| Lower Vocational | 1,742 (40.3) | 1,568 (90.0) | 174 (10.0) | <0.001 |
| Higher Vocational and University | 2,579 (59.7) | 2,461 (95.4) | 118 (4.6) | |
| Monthly Family Income at 6y | ||||
| Less than €2,000 | 1,499 (35.7) | 762 (87.5) | 109 (12.5) | <0.001 |
| €2,000-€3,999 | 1,828 (43.5) | 1,710 (93.5) | 118 (6.5) | |
| More than €4,000 | 871 (20.8) | 1,446 (96.5) | 53 (3.5) | |
| Maternal Characteristics | ||||
| Maternal Age at Child’s Birth | ||||
| 35 Years or Older | 1,058 (24.5) | 995 (94.1) | 63 (5.9) | 0.24 |
| Younger than 35 Years | 3,269 (75.6) | 3,040 (93.0) | 229 (7.0) | |
| Pre-Pregnancy BMI | ||||
| Overweight or Obese (i.e., ≥25) | 817 (24.9) | 747 (91.4) | 70 (8.6) | 0.003 |
| Healthy (i.e., <25) | 2,466 (75.1) | 2,326 (94.3) | 140 (5.7) | |
| Smoked During Pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 526 (13.6) | 472 (89.7) | 54 (10.3) | <0.001 |
| No | 3,334 (86.4) | 3,137 (94.1) | 197 (5.9) | |
| Child Health Factors | ||||
| Birthweight | ||||
| Less than 2,500 g | 237 (5.5) | 221 (93.3) | 16 (6.7) | 0.99 |
| 2,500 g or More | 4,084 (94.5) | 3,809 (93.3) | 275 (6.7) | |
| Gestational Age at Birth | ||||
| < 37 Weeks | 257 (6.0) | 238 (92.6) | 19 (7.4) | 0.67 |
| ≥ 37 Weeks | 4,043 (94.0) | 3,772 (93.3) | 271 (6.7) | |
| Asthma | ||||
| Yes | 250 (7.0) | 230 (92.0) | 20 (8.0) | 0.21 |
| No | 3,304 (93.0) | 3,105 (94.0) | 199 (6.0) | |
a
n’s may vary due to missing data.
b
Proportions of children with low and borderline clinical problem behaviors presented as row percentages.
c
Calculated using χ2 test