Table 1.
Patient demographics.
| Baseline Characteristics | Opioid-based group (N = 28) | Opioid-sparing group (N = 28) | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 70.4 ± 6.2 | 73.1 ± 6.7 | 0.112 |
| Sex | 0.737 | ||
| Female | 22 (78.6%) | 23 (82.1%) | |
| Male | 6 (21.4%) | 5 (17.9%) | |
| Height (cm) | 155.9 ± 8.0 | 152.0 ± 6.6 | 0.053 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.2 ± 11.9 | 64.9 ± 10.7 | 0.273 |
| Body mass index | 28.0 ± 4.0 | 28.0 ± 3.9 | 0.989 |
| CCI | 0.249 | ||
| 1 | 0 | 1 (3.6%) | |
| 2 | 7 (25.0%) | 3 (10.7%) | |
| 3 | 8 (28.6%) | 8 (28.6%) | |
| 4 | 7 (25.0%) | 13 (46.4%) | |
| 5 + | 6 (21.4%) | 3 (10.7%) | |
| ASA grade | 0.206 | ||
| 1 | 4 (14.3%) | 1 (3.6%) | |
| 2 | 20 (71.4%) | 19 (67.9%) | |
| 3 | 4 (14.3%) | 8 (28.6%) | |
| Operation time (mins) | 114.7 ± 15.1 | 107.0 ± 22.6 | 0.143 |
| Tourniquet time of each Procedure (mins) | 29.3 ± 4.3 | 28.9 ± 5.1 | 0.752 |
| (range 23–34) | (range 22–35) | ||
| Tourniquet pressure (mmHg) | 271.2 ± 5.2 | 273.1 ± 4.4 | 0.146 |
| (range 260–280) | (range 260–280) | ||
| Total blood loss (ml) | 743.9 ± 288.1 | 699.3 ± 226.9 | 0.523 |
ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index.