TABLE 1.

Descriptive statistics for BFI-10 items, teacher-assigned grades and standardized test scores.

	M	SD	Range	Skewness/Kurtosis	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
1 O Item 1	3.73	1.08	1–5	–0.49/–0.42
2 O Item 2*	2.78	1.75	1–5	0.21/–1.09	–0.28
3 C Item 1	3.54	0.87	1–5	–0.19/–0.36	0.08	–0.08
4 C Item 2*	3.23	1.38	1–5	–0.16/–0.80	0.04	0.11	–0.37
5 E Item 1	3.51	0.90	1–5	–0.22/–0.31	0.17	–0.01	0.05	0.00
6 E Item 2*	2.63	1.24	1–5	0.13/-0.69	–0.06	0.03	0.06	0.03	–0.46
7 A Item 1	3.38	1.07	1–5	–0.32/–0.37	0.08	–0.04	0.07	0.00	0.12	0.03
8 A Item 2*	2.85	1.07	1–5	0.17/–0.50	0.05	0.08	–0.10	0.22	0.14	–0.14	–0.11
9 ES Item 1	3.29	1.14	1–5	–0.15/–0.57	0.07	0.06	0.04	0.14	0.14	–0.03	0.04	0.00
10 ES Item 2*	2.84	1.19	1–5	0.16/–0.65	–0.01	0.00	0.01	0.04	–0.22	0.31	0.08	–0.01	–0.26
11 G math	4.02	1.05	1–6	–0.11/–0.39	–0.01	0.01	0.18	–0.09	–0.03	0.07	0.00	0.00	0.02	–0.05
12 G German	4.13	0.70	1–6	–0.09/–0.03	0.09	–0.10	0.18	–0.12	0.09	–0.04	–0.01	0.04	–0.04	–0.04	0.39
13 T math	0.02	1.48	–4.37–4.62	0.69/0.78	0.06	0.02	0.00	0.13	0.00	0.06	–0.01	0.10	0.07	–0.08	0.36	0.22
14 T reading	–0.02	1.60	–4.75–3.30	0.13/0.05	0.14	0.04	–0.01	0.09	0.04	0.04	–0.03	0.08	–0.01	–0.03	0.19	0.29	0.54

O, openness; C, conscientiousness; E, extraversion; A, agreeableness; ES, emotional stability; G, grade; T, standardized test score. *Inverse item (not reverse-coded).