Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Characteristic | Patients |
|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 68 |
| Sex | |
| Female | 52 (38.2%) |
| Male | 84 (61.8%) |
| Smoking | |
| Yes | 92 (67.6%) |
| No | 44 (32.4%) |
| Concomitant disease | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 62 (45.6%) |
| Systemic arterial hypertension | 37 (27.2%) |
| ECOG | |
| 0 | 1 (0.7%) |
| 1 | 34 (25.0%) |
| 2 | 91 (66.9%) |
| 3 | 10 (7.4%) |
| Initial clinical stage | |
| I | 12 (8.8%) |
| II | 14 (10.3%) |
| III | 26 (19.1%) |
| IV | 84 (61.8%) |
| Histological type | |
| Epithelioid | 130 (95.6%) |
| Sarcomatoid | 3 (2.2%) |
| Biphasic | 3 (2.2%) |
| Pattern | |
| Acinar | 6 (4.4%) |
| Micropapillary | 6 (4.4%) |
| Papillary | 1 (0.7%) |
| Pleomorphic | 1 (0.7%) |
| Solid | 100 (73.5%) |
| Solid papillary | 5 (3.7%) |
| Tubuloacinar | 1 (0.7%) |
| Tubulopapillary | 12 (8.8%) |
| Immunohistochemical biomarkers | |
| Nuclear calretinin | 57 (53.3%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| Cytoplasmic calretinin | 39 (36.4%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| Nuclear WT‐1 | 9 (8.4%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| Cytoplasmic WT‐1 | 2 (1.9%) |
| Negative | |
| +++ | |
| CK5‐6 | 72 (52.9%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| CK7 | 68 (50.0%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| Nuclear HMBE‐1 | 0 (0.0%) |
| Cytoplasmic HMBE‐1 | 65 (47.8%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| BerEp4 | 15 (11.0%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| EMA | 38 (27.9%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| TTF‐1 | 88 (64.7%) |
| Negative | |
| CD99 | 18 (13.2%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| CK20 | 15 (11.0%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| Reβ | 83 (61.0%) |
| Negative | |
| + | |
| ++ | |
| +++ | |
| Chemotherapy used | |
| Gemcitabine | 11 (8.1%) |
| Gemcitabine/carboplatin | 24 (17.6%) |
| Gemcitabine/cisplatin | 7 (5.1%) |
| Pemetrexed/carboplatin | 81 (59.6%) |
| Pemetrexed/cisplatin | 12 (8.8%) |
| Vinorelbine/cisplatin | 1 (0.7%) |
| RECIST | |
| Partial | 25 (18.4%) |
| Complete | 10 (7.4%) |
| Stable disease | 84 (61.8%) |
| Progression | 17 (12.5%) |
| Other treatment used | |
| Radiotherapy | 18 (13.2%) |
| Surgery | |
| Pleuropneumonectomy | 9 (6.6%) |
| Pleurectomy/decortication | 10 (7.4%) |
| Pleurodesis | 3 (2.2%) |