Table 3.

Dietary and nutrient intakes of study participants across tertiles of DPI

	Tertiles of DPI
	T1 ≤21 n = 128	T2 21 < to< 30 n = 128	T3 ≥30 n = 128	P a
Energy (kcal/day)	2700 ± 843	2494 ± 554†	2508 ± 560	0.05
Nutrient intakes
Protein (g/day)	101 ± 37	94 ± 20	96 ± 21	0.14
Fat (g/day)	67 ± 25	62 ± 17	64 ± 18	0.28
Carbohydrate (g/d)	436 ± 153	403 ± 98	409 ± 98	0.11
Dietary fiber (g/day)	27.1 ± 19.5	21.8 ± 8.7†	20.2 ± 6.2†	0.001
Cholesterol (mg/day)	275 ± 182	234 ± 82†	211 ± 86†	0.001
SFA (g/day)	21.5 ± 10	19.6 ± 7.8	19.2 ± 7	0.09
Calcium (mg/day)	1161 ± 431	1069 ± 259	1063 ± 272	0.08
Vitamin E (mg/day)	5.6 ± 2.3	5.1 ± 2.4	5.7 ± 2.6	0.13
Vitamin B6 (mg/day)	2 ± 1	1.8 ± 0.4	1.8 ± 0.4	0.11
Folate (mcg/day)	416 ± 416	348 ± 77	345 ± 77	0.04
Vitamin C (mg/d)	142 ± 160	135 ± 37	134 ± 40	0.78
Potassium (mg/d)	4399 ± 1854	4131 ± 725	4264 ± 821	0.20
Selenium (mg/d)	0.08 ± 0.5	0.06 ± 0.03†	0.05 ± 0.02†	< 0.001
Food groups
Refined grains (g/day)	268 ± 120	210 ± 94†	125 ± 84†‡	< 0.001
Whole grains (g/day)	97 ± 109	131 ± 78†	248 ± 105†‡	< 0.001
Red and processed meats (g/day)	41 ± 31	37 ± 17	34 ± 17	0.01
Poultry (g/day)	34 ± 30	31 ± 12	29 ± 11	0.12
Vegetables(g/day)	247 ± 82	274 ± 78†	283 ± 91†	0.002
Fruits (g/day)	327 ± 120	357 ± 108	361 ± 121†	0.04
Fish (g/day)	9.6 ± 13	8.2 ± 8	9.5 ± 9	0.40
Nuts (g/day)	4.6 ± 4.5	4.3 ± 3	4.6 ± 3.7	0.79
Legumes (g/day)	32 ± 17	34 ± 18	38 ± 20†	0.01
Sugar-sweetened beverage (g/day)	95 ± 82	81 ± 59	68 ± 70†	0.02

Data are presented as mean ± SD

^a Obtained from ANOVA with Bonferroni correction

† P-value for the comparison with T1 < 0.05

† P-value for the comparison with T2 < 0.05