Endogenous L1 reverse-transcribed cytoplasmic Alu cDNA. (A) Northern blotting for Alu RNA (top bands), equator blotting for Alu cDNA (middle bands), and northern blotting for U6 RNA (bottom bands) of cytoplasmic fractions of primary human RPE cells transfected with Alu RNA, exposed to heat shock, or transfected with a DICER1-targeted antisense oligonucleotide (DICER1 AS) in the presence or absence of 3TC. Representative of n = 3 experiments. (B) Fluorescent micrographs of in situ hybridization of Alu cDNA in human RPE cells (green) colabeled with DAPI (blue) to identify nuclei. Cells were transfected with Alu RNA in the presence or absence of 3TC. Representative of n = 3 experiments. (Scale bar, 10 µm.) (C) Alu c-PCR of cytoplasmic fractions of primary human RPE cells transfected with Alu RNA, exposed to heat shock, or transfected with a DICER1 AS in the presence or absence of 3TC. Representative of n = 3 experiments. *P < 0.05, Mann–Whitney U test. (D) Direct amplification by real-time PCR (without reverse transcription) of Alu cDNA in primary human RPE cells treated with in vitro-transcribed Alu RNA, heat shock, or DICER1 AS after transfection with hL1 siRNA #1 compared with control siRNA. *P < 0.05 by Mann–Whitney U test. n = 4. Error bars show SEM.