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. 2021 Jan 26;13(1):1865706. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1865706

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© 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — B. uniformis CECT 7771 combined with WBE curbs fat gain and normalizes insulin-dependent metabolic routes in adipose tissue and liver in HFHSD-fed mice. Weight of epididymal WAT, levels of expression of de novo lipogenesis-related genes in epididymal WAT, correlation between these genes and adiposity and glucose metabolism-related markers in liver of controls (CD-fed mice receiving vehicle, CD-veh) and HFHSD-fed mice receiving vehicle, WBE, B. unif or the combination of both: HFHSD-veh, HFHSD+WBE, HFHSD-B. unif or HFHSD+WBE-B. unif a. Weight of epididymal WAT at week 17 (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: B. unif x WBE interaction P <0.01, post hoc P at least <0.05). N = 10 for all groups b. Gene expression of Acc (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: B. unif x WBE interaction P <0.05; post hoc P <0.05 compared to HFHSD+WBE), Fas (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: B. unif effect P <0.05) and Chrebpα (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: B. unif x WBE P <0.05; post hoc P <0.05 compared to HFHSD-veh) in epididymal WAT at week 17. Acc: CD-veh N = 6; HFHSD-veh, HFHSD+WBE and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 7 and HFHSD-B. unif N = 8. Fas: CD-veh N = 6; HFHSD-veh, HFHSD+WBE and HFHSD-B. unif N = 8 and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 7. Chrebpα: CD-veh and HFHSD-veh N = 5; HFHSD+WBE and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 7 and HFHSD-B. unif N = 6 c. Gene expression of Gck at week 17 in liver (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: B. unif effect P <0.05). Gck: CD-veh, HFHSD-veh, HFHSD-B. unif and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 8 and HFHSD+WBE N = 6 d. G6P concentration in liver at week 17 (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed mice; B. unif effect P <0.01). CD-veh and HFHSD-veh N = 9, HFHSD+WBE N = 7 and HFHSD-B. unif and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 9 e. Glycogen concentration in liver at week 17 (Kruskal-Wallis test P at least <0.05 vs HFHSD-veh). CD-veh and HFHSD-veh N = 9; HFHSD+WBE N = 7 and HFHSD-B. unif and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 8 Data were represented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical differences between HFHSD-fed groups (receiving or not the bacterium and/or WBE) and controls (CD-veh) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tuckey. ^#P <0.05, ^##P <0.01, ^###P <0.001 vs control group. *P <0.05 and **P <0.01 indicate differences within HFHSD-fed groups. Acc, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; B. unif, Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771; Bw, body weight; Chrebpα, Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein-alpha; CD, control diet; eWAT, epididymal white adipose tissue; Fas, fatty acid synthase G6P, glucose-6-phosphate; Gck, glucokinase; Glut2, glucose transporter 2; HFHSD, high-fat high-sugar diet; Hsl, hormone sensitive lipase; Lpl, lipoprotein lipase; veh, vehicle; WBE, wheat bran extract