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. 2021 Jan 26;13(1):1865706. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1865706

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© 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — B. uniformis CECT 7771, combined or not with WBE, differently influences cecal concentrations short- and long-chain fatty acids. Levels of SCFAs, saturated and unsaturated long-chain FAs in the cecal content of controls (CD-fed mice receiving vehicle, CD-veh) and HFHSD-fed mice receiving vehicle, WBE, B. unif or the combination of both: HFHSD-veh, HFHSD+WBE, HFHSD-B. unif or HFHSD+WBE-B. unif A. Concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, acetate, propionate, butyrate and isobutyrate) in the cecum (nmol/g of dry weight of cecal content) at week 17 (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: WBE effect P at least <0.05). CD-veh N = 8 and HFHSD-veh, HFHSD+WBE, HFHSD-B. unif and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 10 B. Cecal levels of saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acids, 16:0 and 18:0, respectively; nmol/g of dry weight of cecal content) (for stearic acid, two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: B. unif x WBE interaction P < .05; post hoc P < .01 vs HFHSD-veh or HFHSD+WBE) at week 17. FA 16:0: CD-veh N = 8 and HFHSD-veh, HFHSD+WBE, HFHSD-B. unif and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 10. FA 18:0 CD-veh N = 8; HFHSD-veh and HFHSD-B. unif N = 10; HFHSD+WBE N = 7 and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 9 C. Concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids (total MUFAs, diunsaturated FAs and PUFAs) in cecum (nmol/g of dry weight of cecal content) at week 17 (two-way ANOVA in HFHSD-fed groups: B. unif effect P at least <0.05) MUFAs: CD-veh N = 8; HFHSD-veh, HFHSD-B. unif and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 10 and HFHSD+WBE N = 9. Diunsaturated FAs and PUFAs: CD-veh N = 7 and HFHSD-veh, HFHSD+WBE, HFHSD-B. unif and HFHSD+WBE-B. unif N = 10 Data were represented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical differences between HFHSD-fed groups (receiving or not the bacterium and/or WBE) and controls (CD-veh) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tuckey ^#P < .05, ^##P < .01, ^###P < .001 vs control group. *P < .05, **P < .01 and ***P < .001 indicate differences within HFHSD-fed groups. B. unif, Bacteroides uniformis CECT 7771; CD, control diet; Diunsat FAs, diunsaturated fatty acids; HFHSD, high-fat high-sugar diet; MUFAs, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids; veh, vehicle and WBE, wheat bran extract