Figure 2.

Curcumin alleviated OGD/R-induced increase in TEER and decrease in Ca²⁺ concentration and cell permeability through the PKC-θ signaling pathway. After OGD/R treatment, PC12 cells were treated with 1 nM AS2521780 and/or 20 μM curcumin. (a) Ca²⁺ concentrations, (b) TEER, and (c) cell permeability were analyzed. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 vs OGD/R; ##P < 0.01 and ###P < 0.001 vs curcumin+AS2521780. (d) Orai1 mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 vs OGD/R; ##P < 0.01 and ###P < 0.001 vs curcumin+AS2521780. (e) Western blot assay was performed to measure Orai1, PKC-θ, p- PKC-θ, ZO-1, occludin, IκBα, p-IκBα cleaved caspase 3, and nuclear p65 levels. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 vs OGD/R; ##P < 0.01 and ###P < 0.001 vs curcumin+AS2521780