Table 3.
Positive predictive valuea for concomitant low-grade and high-grade cytology, combined as carcinogenic HPVb, 2 v and 4v HPV Vaccine vaccine-targeted carcinogenic HPV types in combination c, HPV types targeted by 9valent HPV vaccined, 27 non-carcinogenic HPV typesg and age
| Age groups | 18–23 | 24–26 | 27–29 | 30–34 | 35–39 | 40–51 | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carcinogenic HPV | ||||||||
| # | 860 | 705 | 253 | 253 | 147 | 147 | 2365 | |
| PPV for Low-grade cytology 95% CI |
22.1% 19.4–25.0 |
20.6% 17.6–23.7 |
22.1% 17.2–27.8 |
18.6% 14.0–23.9 |
19.0% 13.0–26.3 |
20.4% 14.2–27.8 |
21.0% 19.3–22.7 |
|
| PPV for High-grade cytology 95% CI |
3.0% 2.0–4.4 |
7.5% 5.7–9.7 |
9.1% 5.9–13.3 |
9.1% 5.9–13.3 |
14.3% 9.1–21.0 |
7.5% 3.8–13.0 |
6.6% 5.7–7.7 |
|
| Carcinogenic HPV types targeted by 2 v HPV or 4v vaccinesc, HPV16,18 | ||||||||
| # | 372 | 292 | 94 | 84 | 46 | 33 | 921 | |
| PPV for Low-grade cytology 95% CI |
23.9% 19.7–28.6 |
20.2% 15.8–25.3 |
21.3% 13.5–30.9 |
21.4% 13.2–31.7 |
15.2% 6.3–28.9 |
24.2% 11.1–42.3 |
21.8% 19.2–24.6 |
|
| PPV for High-grade cytology 95% CI |
4.3% 2.5–6.9 |
12.3% 8.8–16.7 |
17.0% 10.1–26.2 |
16.7% 9.4–26.4 |
21.7% 10.9–36.4 |
9.1% 1.9–24.3 |
10.3% 8.4–12.5 |
|
| Carcinogenic HPV types targeted by 9v vaccinesd, HPV16, 18, 31, 33,45,52,58 | ||||||||
| # | 668 | 553 | 202 | 181 | 112 | 92 | 1808 | |
| PPV for Low-grade cytology 95% CI |
22.0% 18.9–25.3 |
21.0% 17.7–24.6 |
21.8% 16.3–28.1 |
18.8% 13.4–25.2 |
23.2% 15.8–32.1 |
20.7% 12.9–30.4 |
21.3% 19.5–23.3 |
|
| PPV for High-grade cytology 95% CI |
3.4% 2.2–5.1 |
9.4% 7.1–12.1 |
10.4% 6.6–15.5 |
11.0% 6.9–16.5 |
17.0% 10.5–25.2 |
9.8% 4.6–17.8 |
8.0% 6.8–9.3 |
|
| Remaining carcinogenic HPV types after excluding those targeted by 2v and 4v HPV vaccinese, HPV31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59,68 | ||||||||
| # | 488 | 413 | 159 | 169 | 101 | 114 | 1444 | |
| PPV for Low-grade cytology 95% CI |
20.7% 17.2–24.6 |
20.8% 17.0–25.1 |
22.6% 16.4–29.9 |
17.2% 11.8–23.7 |
20.8% 13.4–30.0 |
19.3% 12.5–27.7 |
20.4% 18.4–22.6 |
|
| PPV for High-grade cytology 95% CI |
2.0% 1.0–3.7 |
4.1% 2.4–6.5 |
4.4% 1.8–8.9 |
5.3% 2.5–9.9 |
10.9% 5.6–18.7 |
7.0% 3.1–13.4 |
4.3% 3.3–5.5 |
|
| Remaining carcinogenic HPV types after excluding these HPV types which are targeted by 9v HPV vaccinesf, HPV35,39,51,56,59,68 | ||||||||
| # | 192 | 152 | 51 | 72 | 35 | 55 | 557 | |
| PPV for Low-grade cytology 95% CI |
22.4% 16.7–29.0 |
19.1% 13.2–26.2 |
23.5% 12.8–37.5 |
18.1% 10.0–28.9 |
5.7% 0.7–19.2 |
20.0% 10.4–33 |
19.7% 16.5–23.3 |
|
| PPV for High-grade cytology 95% CI |
1.6% 0.3–4.5 |
0.7% 0.0–3.6 |
3.9% 0.5–13.5 |
4.2% 0.9–11.7 |
5.7% 0.7–19.2 |
3.6% 0.4–12.5 |
2.3% 1.2–4.0 |
|
| 27 non-carcinogenic HPV typesg | ||||||||
| # | 551 | 426 | 157 | 135 | 95 | 115 | 1479 | |
| PPV for Low-grade cytology 95% CI |
20.5% 17.2–24.1 |
20.9% 17.1–25.1 |
18.5% 12.7–25.4 |
17.0% 11.1–24.5 |
16.8% 9.9–25.9 |
11.3% 6.2–18.6 |
19.1% 17.2–21.2 |
|
| PPV for High-grade cytology 95% CI |
1.3% 0.5–2.6 |
3.8% 2.2–6.0 |
3.8% 1.4–8.1 |
5.2% 2.1–10.4 |
2.1% 0.3–7.4 |
4.3% 1.4–9.9 |
2.9% 2.1–3.9 |
|
aPositive predictive value was estimated as the number of specimens of a given cytology category positive to an HPV type (or combination of types) divided by the total number of specimens positive to the same HPV type (or combination of types) irrespective of cytology category.
bCarcinogenic HPV is defined as positive to one of the HPV types 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59,68.
cCarcinogenic HPV types included in 2valent or 4valent HPV vaccine, HPV16, 18
dHPV types included in 9valent HPV vaccine, HPV16,18,31,33,45,52,58
eRemaining of 13 carcinogenic HPV types after removing those targeted by 2valent and 4valent HPV vaccines, HPV31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59,68
fRemaining of 13 carcinogenic HPV types after removing those targeted by 9valent HPV vaccines, HPV35,39,51,56,59,68
g27 non-carcinogenic HPV is defined as positive to one of the HPV types 6,11,26,30,32,40,42,43,44,53,54,55,61,62,66,67,69,70,73,74,81,83,86,87,89,90,91.
Abbreviations: PPV = Positive predictive value, CI = confidence interval; HPV = human papillomavirus.