Table 2.
Characteristics of PWD and the care situation at baseline and correlations with depressiveness
| t0 | r (p) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | n (%) / M (SD) | Depressiveness t0 | Depressiveness t12 | Depressiveness t12-t0 | |
| PWD | |||||
| Age c | 166 | 78.8 (8.8) | −.11 (.151) | −.02 (.838) | .10 (.221) |
| Female c | 166 | 91 (54.8%) | .07 (.392) | .22 (.004) | .18 (.023) |
| Cognition (MMSE) a,c | 147 | 17.9 (5.9) | .07 (.408) | .09 (.309) | .03 (.756) |
| ∆ Cognition (MMSE) a,b | 118 | −1.9 (5.4) | −.07 (.483) | .18 (.049) | .28 (.002) |
| Comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index) a | 148 | 1.9 (2.1) | −.26 (.001) | −.10 (.213) | .15 (.071) |
| ∆ Comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index) a | 137 | −0.4 (1.7) | .05 (.589) | −.03 (.744) | −.08 (.374) |
| Care situation | |||||
| Behavioral and psychological symptoms (NPI) a | 161 | 23.4 (20.8) | −.37 (< .001) | −.31 (< .001) | .04 (.610) |
| ∆ Behavioral and psychological symptoms (NPI) a | 146 | −2.8 (17.9) | .09 (.296) | .10 (.249) | .02 (.793) |
| Average care time in hours per day (RUD) | |||||
| Help with ADL a | 152 | 1.1 (1.6) | −.14 (.102) | −.10 (.233) | .03 (.775) |
| ∆ Help with ADL a | 138 | 0.1 (1.3) | .01 (.893) | −.10 (.221) | −.13 (.128) |
| Help with iADL a | 152 | 2.1 (2.1) | −.08 (.330) | −.08 (.361) | −.00 (.966) |
| ∆ Help with iADL a | 136 | 0.0 (2.0) | −.01 (.907) | −.04 (.666) | −.03 (.703) |
| Supervision a,c | 149 | 3.3 (5.0) | −.29 (.001) | −.34 (< .001) | −.09 (.285) |
| ∆ Supervision a,b | 134 | 0.5 (4.1) | .11 (.190) | −.08 (.382) | −.20 (.024) |
PWD person/people with dementia, ADL activities of daily living, iADL instrumental activities of daily living. ∆ = change t12-t0. a = considered for the regression model according to Pearlin‘s stress process model. b variable congruent with Pearlin’s stress process model included in the regression model as predictor due to significant correlation. c variable added to the regression model as predictor due to methodological considerations. Correlation coefficients (r) used: Pearson for interval scale variables, Spearman for ordinal scale variables. Bold = significant on the level p < .05