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(a) Schematic of microfluidic device with focusing flow on input sample to fix its position with respect to the sequential field non-uniformities for separation. (b) The 3D field non-uniformity created across channel width by orifices on one side and posts on the other side for field generated by the solidified liquid metal electrodes. Field lines to cause particle deflection from initial focused position by: (c) negative DEP (nDEP) and (d) positive DEP.
