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. 2021 Mar 22;12:594330. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.594330

Figure 1.

Figure 1

CS exposure following elastin challenge elicits autophagy in mouse lung tissues. (A) Experimental outline. Mice were exposed to CS or room air for 2 weeks and were hosted at room air for another 2 weeks. Mice were then challenged with elastin peptide (Eln, 100 μg) or normal saline (NS) intratracheally (i.t.) for 3 times at day 29, 30, and 31, and were sacrificed 48 h after the last elastin challenge. (B) Representative immunoblots and (C) semi-quantification of LC3B and SQSTM1 in lung tissues of CS+Eln mouse models, ACTB serves as a loading control. (D, F) TEM images (n = 20 images for Air+NS group and n = 30 images for CS+Eln group) and (E, G) semi-quantified level of autophagic vacuoles in isolated mouse bronchus and lung tissue respectively. Red arrowheads denoted autophagic vacuoles. Scale bar = 2 μm. Data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Differences between two groups were identified using the Student t-test *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.