Table 2.

Coping strategies by country.

	Total (n = 1,480)		Italy (1) (n = 712)		Spain (2) (n = 431)		Portugal (3) (n = 335)		Testa	Effect sizeb	Post-hoc
	N	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Task-Oriented strategies
Asks very often about coronavirus or quarantine	355	24	166	23.3	91	21.1	98	29.1	6.92*	0.06	–
Highlights the pros of being at home	519	35.1	234	32.9	156	36.2	129	38.3	3.28	–	–
Uses humor when you talk about quarantine or coronavirus	226	15.3	99	13.9	60	13.9	67	19.9	7.17*	0.07	3 > 1 3 > 2
Collaborates with social activities	531	35.9	183	25.7	217	50.3	131	38.9	72.58***	0.22	2 > 1 2 > 3 3 > 1
Accepts what's going on	872	58.9	400	56.2	273	63.3	199	59.1	5.92	–	–
Emotion-Oriented strategies										–	–
Often talks about how he/she feels	201	13.6	103	14.5	46	10.7	52	15.4	4.56	–	–
Says he/she is very angry about what is happening	220	14.9	121	17	64	14.8	35	10.4	7.89*	0.01	1 > 3
Seeks affection in others	459	31	199	27.9	167	38.7	93	27.6	17.01***	0.10	2 > 1 2 > 3
Avoidance-Oriented strategies
Changes conversations when you try to talk to him/her about the coronavirus or quarantine	122	8.2	52	7.3	41	9.5	29	8.6	1.80	–	–
Acts as if nothing is happening	525	35.5	242	34	183	42.5	100	29.7	14.82**	0.10	2 > 3 2 > 1
Doesn't seem worried about what is happening	445	30.1	252	35.4	130	30.2	63	18.7	30.33***	0.14	1 > 3 2 > 3 1 > 2

^aCross-table (χ²) for categorical variables.

^bEffect size = Cramer's V for multi-categorical variables.

Bonferroni correction applied to p values was used to reduce the risk of type I errors post hoc analysis of a chi-squared test (resulting p-value = 0.0015). Only ^***p < 0.0015 was considered statistically significant after applying for Bonferroni correction. However, differences that were significant at ^*p < 0.05 and ^**p < 0.01 were also indicated in the table..