Table 2. Comparison of clinicopathologic outcomes between the ArtiSential® and prebent groups.
| Variables | Type of instrument | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prebent* (n=25) | ArtiSential®† (n=17) | ||||
| Tumor location | 0.565 | ||||
| Upper | 0 | 1 (5.9) | |||
| Middle | 6 (24.0) | 4 (23.5) | |||
| Lower | 19 (76.0) | 12 (70.6) | |||
| Histology | 0.208 | ||||
| Well to moderately differentiated | 12 (48.0) | 12 (70.6) | |||
| Poorly differentiated or SRC | 13 (52.0) | 5 (29.4) | |||
| Extent of LND | 0.683 | ||||
| D1+ | 22 (88.0) | 15 (88.2) | |||
| D2 | 3 (12.0) | 2 (11.8) | |||
| Type of reconstruction | 0.317 | ||||
| Billroth II | 23 (92.0) | 14 (82.4) | |||
| Billroth I (delta-shaped anastomosis) | 2 (8.0) | 3 (17.6) | |||
| Combined operation | 4 (16.0) | 3 (17.6) | 0.603 | ||
| Operation time (min) | 205.4±6.0 | 218.1±9.9 | 0.270 | ||
| LND time (min) | 52.7±1.8 | 60.6±5.5 | 0.473 | ||
| Pathologic T stage | 0.546 | ||||
| T1a | 14 (56.0) | 8 (47.1) | |||
| T1b | 10 (40.0) | 9 (52.9) | |||
| T4a | 1 (4.0) | 0 | |||
| No. of retrieved lymph nodes | 49.5±3.5 | 45.9±4.0 | 0.555 | ||
| No. of metastatic lymph nodes | 0.1±0.1 | 0.8±0.5 | 0.140 | ||
| Pathologic N stage | 0.185 | ||||
| N0 | 23 (92.0) | 13 (76.5) | |||
| N1 | 2 (8.0) | 2 (11.8) | |||
| N2 | 0 | 2 (11.8) | |||
| Lymphovascular invasion | 6 (24.0) | 4 (23.5) | 0.634 | ||
| Hospital stay (days) | 15.4±2.0 | 12.4±1.3 | 0.588 | ||
| Soft diet initiation (days) | 4.7±0.3 | 5.0±0.4 | 0.343 | ||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 1 (4.0) | 3 (17.6) | 0.173 | ||
| Complication | 10 (40.0) | 7 (41.2) | 0.595 | ||
| Early complication | 9 (36.0) | 6 (35.3) | 0.613 | ||
| Intraabdominal abscess | 6 (24.0) | 2 (11.8) | 0.282 | ||
| Paralytic ileus | 1 (4.0) | 1 (5.9) | 0.652 | ||
| Miscellaneous | 2 (8.0) | 3 (17.6) | 0.317 | ||
| Late complication | 1 (4.0) | 1 (5.9) | 0.652 | ||
| Mechanical ileus | 1 (4.0) | 1 (5.9) | 0.652 | ||
| Morbidity (CDC grade III–IV) | 4 (16.0) | 1 (5.9) | 0.315 | ||
Data are expressed as number (%) or means±standard errors.
SRC = signet ring cell carcinoma; LND = lymph node dissection; CDC = Clavien-Dindo classification.
*Patients who underwent single-port laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (SP-LDG) using prebent graspers (Olympus Medical Systems Corp., Tokyo, Japan) during lymphadenectomy; †Patients who underwent SP-LDG with ArtiSential® (LivsMed, Seongnam, Korea) graspers during lymphadenectomy.