Table 2. Perioperative and pathologic outcomes.
| Variables | Before matching | Standardized difference | After matching | Standardized difference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS group (n=42) | NM group (n=444) | P-value | MS group (n=42) | NM group (n=118) | P-value | ||||
| Surgical approach | 0.145 | 0.318 | 0.915 | 0.080 | |||||
| Open | 20 (47.6) | 147 (33.1) | 20 (47.6) | 58 (49.2) | |||||
| Laparoscopic | 15 (35.7) | 183 (41.2) | 15 (35.7) | 38 (32.2) | |||||
| Robotic | 7 (16.7) | 114 (25.7) | 7 (16.7) | 22 (18.6) | |||||
| Surgeon's experience level | 0.494 | 0.132 | >0.999 | 0.007 | |||||
| Senior | 38 (90.5) | 383 (86.3) | 38 (90.5) | 107 (90.7) | |||||
| Junior | 4 (9.5) | 61 (13.7) | 4 (9.5) | 11 (9.3) | |||||
| Operation time (min) | 194.1±58.3 | 180.2±60.9 | 0.156 | 0.234 | 194.1±58.3 | 189.6±53.7 | 0.646 | 0.081 | |
| Blood loss (mL) | 164.6±188.3 | 119.2±142.0 | 0.135 | 0.272 | 164.6±188.3 | 162.1±173.1 | 0.937 | 0.014 | |
| LOS (days) | 13.0±13.9 | 7.3±4.0 | 0.011 | 0.559 | 13.0±13.9 | 7.8±4.0 | 0.022 | 0.505 | |
| T stage | 0.012 | 0.510 | 0.248 | 0.359 | |||||
| 1 | 17 (40.5) | 285 (64.2) | 17 (40.5) | 61 (51.7) | |||||
| 2 | 4 (9.5) | 35 (7.9) | 4 (9.5) | 16 (13.6) | |||||
| 3 | 11 (26.2) | 55 (12.4) | 11 (26.2) | 16 (13.6) | |||||
| 4a | 10 (23.8) | 69 (15.5) | 10 (23.8) | 25 (21.2) | |||||
| N stage | 0.274 | 0.359 | 0.201 | 0.463 | |||||
| 0 | 26 (61.9) | 307 (69.1) | 26 (61.9) | 75 (63.6) | |||||
| 1 | 7 (16.7) | 42 (9.5) | 7 (16.7) | 10 (8.5) | |||||
| 2 | 5 (11.9) | 30 (6.8) | 5 (11.9) | 8 (6.8) | |||||
| 3a | 1 (2.4) | 32 (7.2) | 1 (2.4) | 13 (11.0) | |||||
| 3b | 3 (7.1) | 33 (7.4) | 3 (7.1) | 12 (10.2) | |||||
Values in parentheses are percentages. Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
LOS = length of hospital stay; MS = moderate-to-severe elevation of liver enzymes; NM = no-to-mild elevation of liver enzymes.