Table 3. Postoperative complications (within 30 days of surgery).
| Variables | Before matching | Standardized difference | After matching | Standardized difference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS group (n=42) | NM group (n=444) | P-value | MS group (n=42) | NM group (n=118) | P-value | ||||
| Complication | 0.008 | 0.390 | 0.001 | 0.439 | |||||
| None or ≤ GII | 34 (81.0) | 416 (93.7) | 34 (81.0) | 112 (94.9) | |||||
| ≥ GIIIa | 8 (19.0) | 28 (6.3) | 8 (19.0) | 6 (5.1) | |||||
| All complications ≥ GIIIa | |||||||||
| Leakage | 4 (9.5) | 8 (1.8) | 0.014 | 0.246 | 4 (9.5) | 4 (3.4) | 0.208 | 0.169 | |
| Anastomotic stenosis | 0 | 2 (0.5) | >0.999 | 0.095 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Bleeding | 2 (4.8) | 2 (0.5) | 0.039 | 0.273 | 2 (4.8) | 0 | 0.068 | 0.316 | |
| Fluid collection | 0 | 4 (0.9) | >0.999 | 0.135 | 0 | 1 (0.8) | >0.999 | 0.131 | |
| Intestinal obstruction | 1 (2.4) | 2 (0.5) | 0.238 | 0.164 | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 0.262 | 0.221 | |
| Cardiac | 1 (2.4) | 2 (0.5) | 0.238 | 0.164 | 1 (2.4) | 0 | 0.262 | 0.221 | |
| Pulmonary | 5 (11.9) | 11 (2.5) | 0.008 | 0.371 | 5 (11.9) | 3 (2.5) | 0.003 | 0.368 | |
| CVA | 0 | 2 (0.5) | >0.999 | 0.095 | 0 | 0 | |||
| CCI | 29.0±12.6 | 18.1±10.9 | <0.001 | 1.122 | 29.0±12.6 | 13.9±12.1 | <0.001 | 1.056 | |
Values in parentheses are percentages. Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
CCI = Comprehensive Complication Index; CVA = cerebrovascular accident; G = grade of complication based on the Clavien-Dindo classification; MS = moderate-to-severe elevation of liver enzymes; NM = no-to-mild elevation of liver enzymes.