Table 3.
Behavioral and biological cardiovascular health (CVH) and risks of stroke and stroke subtypes.
| Cardiovascular health subscales | Stroke |
Ischemic stroke |
Intracerebral hemorrhage |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
Unspecified stroke |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events/total | HR (95% CI) | Events/total | HR (95% CI) | Events/total | HR (95% CI) | Events/total | HR (95% CI) | Events/total | HR (95% CI) | |
| Behavioral CVH | ||||||||||
| Poor (0–3) | 959/40,659 | 1 (Reference) | 624/40,659 | 1 (Reference) | 94/40,659 | 1 (Reference) | 76/40,659 | 1 (Reference) | 79/40,659 | 1 (Reference) |
| Intermediate (4–6) | 3658/221,201 | 0·72 (0·67–0·78) | 2332/221,201 | 0·71 (0·65–0·78) | 454/221,201 | 0·85 (0·68–1·07) | 264/221,201 | 0·59 (0·45–0·76) | 263/221,201 | 0·68 (0·53–0·89) |
| Ideal (7–8) | 1187/93,116 | 0·59 (0·54–0·65) | 708/93,116 | 0·56 (0·50–0·62) | 166/93,116 | 0·75 (0·57–0·97) | 113/93,116 | 0·57 (0·42–0·77) | 84/93,116 | 0·57 (0·41–0·78) |
| P for trend | <0·001 | <0·001 | <0·001 | 0·003 | <0·001 | |||||
| 1-point increment in behavioral scale | 5804/354,976 | 0·90 (0·88–0·91) | 3664/354,976 | 0·88 (0·86–0·90) | 714/354,976 | 0·94 (0·89–0·99) | 453/354,976 | 0·92 (0·87–0·98) | 426/354,976 | 0·88 (0·83–0·94) |
| Biological CVH | ||||||||||
| Poor (0–2) | 1341/46,069 | 1 (Reference) | 913/46,069 | 1 (Reference) | 142/46,069 | 1 (Reference) | 52/46,069 | 1 (Reference) | 115/46,069 | 1 (Reference) |
| Intermediate (3–4) | 3660/212,275 | 0·72 (0·68–0·77) | 2313/212,275 | 0·60 (0·64–0·74) | 463/212,275 | 0·83 (0·68–1·01) | 292/212,275 | 1·31 (0·97–1·77) | 251/212,275 | 0·58 (0·46–0·73) |
| Ideal (5–6) | 803/96,632 | 0·49 (0·45–0·54) | 438/96,632 | 0·43 (0·38–0·48) | 109/96,632 | 0·58 (0·45–0·76) | 109/96,632 | 1·24 (0·88–1·76) | 60/96,632 | 0·43 (0·31–0·60) |
| P for trend | <0·001 | <0·001 | <0·001 | 0·365 | <0·001 | |||||
| 1-point increment in biological scale | 5804/354,976 | 0·82 (0·80–0·84) | 3664/354,976 | 0·79 (0·77–0·82) | 714/354,976 | 0·84 (0·79–0·90) | 453/354,976 | 1·05 (0·96–1·15) | 426/354,976 | 0·77 (0·71–0·84) |
Hazard ratio estimated using Cox regression models with age as timescale and adjusted for sex, ethnicity, education attainment, employment status, Townsend deprivation index, consumption of alcohol intaking, C-response protein, family history of stroke.