Skip to main content
. 2021 Mar 30;19(1):1559325820982423. doi: 10.1177/1559325820982423

Table 1.

Chemical Formula and Structure of the Most Important flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in Honey.

Main components Chemical formula Chemical structure
Flavonoids
Chrysin C15H10O4 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img2.jpg
Kaempferol C15H10O6 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img3.jpg
Quercetin C15H10O7 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img4.jpg
Pinobanksin C15H12O5 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img5.jpg
Myricetin C15H10O8 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img6.jpg
Pinocembrin C15H12O4 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img7.jpg
Galangin C15H10O5 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img8.jpg
Hesperetin C16H14O6 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img9.jpg
Luteolin C15H10O6 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img10.jpg
Phenolic acid
Vanillic acid C8H8O4 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img11.jpg
Syringic acid C9H10O5 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img12.jpg
Caffeic acid C9H8O4 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img13.jpg
þ-Coumaric acid C9H8O3 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img14.jpg
Ferulic acid C10H10O4 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img15.jpg
Ellagic acid C14H6O graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img16.jpg
Chlorogenic acid C16H18O9 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img17.jpg
Rosemary acid C18H16O8 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img18.jpg
3- and 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid C9H8O3 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img19.jpg
Gallic acid C7H6O5 graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img20.jpg
Benzoic acid graphic file with name 10.1177_1559325820982423-img21.jpg