Fig. 5.

PPD or OA administration elevates the number of neural stem cells in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. (A) Sox2 (green) and DAPI (blue) staining in the dentate gyrus of brain sections from WT mice, APP/PS1 mice, and APP/PS1 mice treated with PPD or OA. Scale bars: 100 μm in the left panels, 40 μm in the right panels. (B) Quantification of Sox2⁺ cells as in A. n = 5–6 mice per group. Error bars represent the mean ± SD. ∗∗p < 0.01, compared with the WT group; ^#p < 0.05, compared with the APP/PS1 group. PPD, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol; OA, oleanolic acid; WT, wild type; DAPI, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; SD, standard deviation.