Table 3.

Major findings and managerial implications

	Business-as-usual scenario	Disruption scenario I: demand decrease during and after a pandemic	Disruption scenario II: demand increase during a pandemic, and post-pandemic demand stabilization at the pre-pandemic level
		Recovery strategies
		No recovery strategy	Capacity increase during the period of exiting the pandemic	Capacity increase during the period of exiting the pandemic, and post-pandemic demand smoothing	No recovery strategy	Capacity increase during the period of exiting the pandemic
Service level	1.0	0.811	0.918	0.931	0.782	0.729
Managerial recommend-ations	Supply chain is efficient for business-as-usual scenarios	Supply chain coordination by means of demand smoothing in the post-pandemic period is an effective recovery measure that mediates the impact of disruption tails in the post-disruption period. In addition, gradual capacity ramp-up prior to expected peaks of postponed demand is an effective leveraging strategy for disruption tail control			It is not advisable to increase capacity in the case of demand profile II because of disruption tails. Recovery strategy B has a negative impact on the service level