Table 1.

Trends in Estimates of Maternal Mortality Ratio, Lifetime Risk, by Selected Countries, World Health Organization Region, and World Bank Income Group, 1990–2017

Year	Maternal mortality ratio							Lifetime risk of maternal death 1 in …2017
	1990	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015	2017
World	385	369	342	296	248	219	211	190
Australia	8	8	7	5	5	6	6	8200
Canada	7	9	9	11	11	11	10	6100
Netherlands	12	13	13	11	7	6	5	11,900
United Kingdom	10	11	10	11	10	8	7	8400
United States	12	12	12	13	15	18	19	3000
WHO Region
Africa	965	914	857	735	615	548	525	39
America	102	89	73	68	64	60	59	850
South East Asia	525	438	355	280	214	165	152	280
Europe	44	42	27	22	17	14	13	4300
Eastern Mediterranean	362	340	330	275	220	175	164	170
Western Pacific	114	89	75	61	51	43	41	1400
World Bank Income Group
Low income	1020	944	833	696	573	491	462	45
Lower middle income	532	470	428	363	302	265	254	140
Upper middle income	117	101	69	61	51	44	43	1200
High income	27	26	12	11	11	11	11	5400

Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom were selected because these countries were comparable to the United States as high-income countries with relatively robust data on birth settings and outcomes from their vital statistics systems.¹³

WHO, World Health Organization.

Source: years 1990 and 1995⁷; years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2017.²