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Flow diagram for study selection.
The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) the constructs were engineered via chondrogenic and/or hypertrophic priming in vitro; (2) bone defect reconstruction in animal model. The included studies must meet all the above criteria at the same time. The excluded criteria were: (1) not an original article; (2) full text was not available; (3) not English language; (4) duplicate publications. Reports meet any of the above criteria were excluded.
