TABLE 5:
Paired biological pores with detectable analytes
| Protein pore | Potential disease and related biomarker applications |
|---|---|
| αHL |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| MspA |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| Phi29 |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| Aerolysin |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| ClyA - I, II, III |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| FhuA |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| SP1 |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| FraC - I, II, III |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| OmpG |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| Lysenin |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| CsgG |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJI HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| NfpAB |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| Anthrax Toxin Pore |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| gA |
AD: gene products - β isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| VDAC |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| Perforin |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| Streptolysin O |
AD: gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene products - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene product - mutant Huntingtin protein ALS: gene product - mutant SOD1 protein SMA: gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |
| VCC |
AD: gene - APOE chromosome 19; gene products - Aβ isoforms, Tau PD: gene - PARKIN, PINK1, alpha-synuclein; gene product - alpha-syn, DJ1 HD: gene - HTT trinucleotide repeat (CAG) chromosome 4; gene product - mutant HTT protein ALS: gene - mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1); gene product - SOD1 protein SMA: gene - SMN1 and SMN2 mutants; gene product - SMN1 and SMN2 mutant proteins LBD: similar to PD MS: gene - HLA-DR2; CNS targeted autoantibodies FRDA: gene - Frataxin trinucleotide repeat (GAA); gene product - Frataxin mutant protein |