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Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. A fraction (3–5%) of glucose incoming the cell is shunted through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. In this pathway, fructose-6-phosphate is converted to glucosamine-6-phosphate by the glutamine/fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the gate-keeper enzyme of the route. The main product of the pathway is UDP-GlcNAc, which is the substrate for O-GlcNAc transferase.
