Table 7.

Research Self-Efficacy Results from Biology Research Driven Courses

*Brain Connectomics I & II*

Semester	Research SE	Pre Mean	SD	Post Mean	SD	t	p	df

Fall 2015 Lab I	Evaluated using different measures

Spring 2016 Lab II	General	3.35	0.52	4.08	0.50	−2.99	0.017	8
Spring 2016 Lab II	Specific	1.88	1.09	3.55	0.70	−5.13	0.001	8

Fall 2016 Lab I	General	3.83	0.37	4.24	0.56	−2.60	0.035	7
Fall 2016 Lab I	Specific	2.11	0.47	4.00	0.51	−11.24	0.000	7

Spring 2017 Lab II	General	3.59	0.38	4.17	0.43	−4.29	0.001	12
Spring 2017 Lab II	Specific	1.61	0.80	3.42	0.80	−9.18	0.000	12

Fall 2017 Lab I	General	3.34	0.45	3.98	0.53	−3.47	0.007	9
Fall 2017 Lab I	Specific	1.94	0.74	3.07	0.64	−4.30	0.002	9

Spring 2018 Lab II	General	3.71	0.52	3.96	0.36	−2.35	0.051	7
Spring 2018 Lab II	Specific	2.41	0.91	3.35	0.52	−3.42	0.011	7

Fall 2018 Lab I	General	2.81	0.53	3.95	0.33	−4.76	0.000	12
Fall 2018 Lab I	Specific	1.19	0.24	3.19	0.80	−14.66	0.000	12

*Drug Development & Bioassay I & II*

Semester	Research SE	Pre Mean	SD	Post Mean	SD	t	p	df

Fall 2016 Lab I	General	3.57	0.55	4.29	0.49	−5.76	0.000	22
Fall 2016 Lab I	Specific	1.81	0.87	4.36	0.67	−13.96	0.000	22

Spring 2017 Lab II	General	3.74	0.53	4.29	0.36	−5.22	0.000	17
Spring 2017 Lab II	Specific	3.55	0.67	4.06	0.61	−4.80	0.000	17

Fall 2017 Lab I	General	3.38	0.62	4.24	0.38	−4.47	0.001	13
Fall 2017 Lab I	Specific	2.03	0.77	4.13	0.49	−11.79	0.000	13

Spring 2018 Lab II	General	3.99	0.46	4.31	0.43	−1.84	0.108	7
Spring 2018 Lab II	Specific	3.91	0.45	4.21	0.32	−2.34	0.052	7

Fall 2018 Lab I	General	3.26	0.57	4.13	0.82	−3.90	0.001	15
Fall 2018 Lab I	Specific	1.72	0.66	3.90	1.01	−7.48	0.000	18